L22: responses of brain to traumatic injury Flashcards
1
Q
3 meninges of the brain (Top to bottom)
A
- dura matter
- arachnoid matter
- pia mater
2
Q
2 types of brain bleeds in the meninges
A
- extradural haematoma
- subdural haematoma
3
Q
shape of an extradural haematoma
A
lense shaped
4
Q
what vessel is an extradural haematoma commonly caused by
A
middle meningeal artery
5
Q
type of vessels damaged in subdural haematoma
A
veins
6
Q
which haematoma is more common in old people
A
subdural
7
Q
which haematoma accumulates slowly
A
subdural
8
Q
how to treat haematoma
A
craniotomy
9
Q
symptoms of brain injury
A
- altered conscious level
- vomiting
- pain
- dizziness
10
Q
2 reasons for secondary brain injury
A
- seizure
- menigitis
11
Q
2 types of primary brain injury
A
focal
diffuse
12
Q
3 focal brain injuries
A
- contusion -within the mater of the brain itself
- haemorrhage
13
Q
3 diffuse brain injuries
A
- axonal injury (force)
- hypoxic brain
- brain swelling
14
Q
what autoregulates Cerebral spinal fluid
A
vasodilation and vasoconstriction
15
Q
how can pressure be equalised in brain injury
A
- Venous blood can move into the SVC
- CSF can migrate down the spinal cord
