Social Studies - Geography

Question 1

5 themes of geography

Answer 1

• location
• place
• region
• human - environment interaction
• movement

Question 2

• can be absolute or relative

Answer 2

location

Question 3

describes the place in reference to others

Answer 3

relative location

Question 4

describes where a place is situated without reference to other places (done primarily through a grid system)

Answer 4

absolute location

Question 5

• includes the study of place

- small units of earth’s surface- composed of multiple places - that have more similarities than differences

Answer 5

Regions

Question 6

Three types of regions

Answer 6

• physical
• functional
• cultural

Question 7

share similar physical features

Answer 7

physical regions

Question 8

serve as a central location for a service

Answer 8

functional regions

Question 9

identified by shared human characteristics such as language, religion, tradition, and economy

Answer 9

Cultural regions

Question 10

regions do not have firm borders, instead they have ______ ____ which exhibit characteristics similar to multiple regions around it

Answer 10

transition zones

Question 11

physical processes that shape the patterns of the earth’s surface are the results of two actions or forces

Answer 11

internal and external forces

Question 12

shape the earth’s surface through the constant movements of plates (plate tectonics)

Answer 12

internal forces

Question 13

cause major changes on or above the surface of the earth; include erosion from wind and chemical weathering; severe weather and pollution

Answer 13

external forces

Question 14

every 3-6 years, the surface temperature of the Pacific Ocean near the equator becomes warmer than normal which changes weather patterns around the world

Answer 14

El Nino

Question 15

strong warm current in the Atlantic Ocean which accelerates as it tracels up the East Coast of North America, and shoots out into the open ocean towards Europe ; effects weather on East coast of US , canada, and western and northern europe

Answer 15

Gulf Stream

Question 16

• Built between 1817 and 1825
• cuts across New York State, creating a navigable water route from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean
• quickly became a central trade route in US

Answer 16

Erie Canal

Question 17

• Cuts across Isthmus of Panama
• connects the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
• finished in 1914 and greatly decreased the time it took to cross between two oceans as boats no longer had to travel all the way around the tip of south America

Answer 17

Panama Canal

Question 18

• Completed in 1869 in Egypt
• Connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea
• ships not longer had to sail around Africa to travel between Europe and South Asia

Answer 18

Suez Canal

Question 19

average weather for a given place or location, temperature and precipitation are the two defining characteristics

Answer 19

climate

Question 20

distance above sea level, increases, the atmosphere becomes less dense, resulting in greater heat loss

Answer 20

elevation

Question 21

as wind is forced up and over high mountains, it loses the ability to hold moisture. precipitation falls on the windward side, leaving a dry air mass in the descending winds, therefore, desert like conditions exist on the lee side of the mountain

Answer 21

orographic lift or rain shadow effect

Question 22

intense sun and rain everyday, high humidity, temp is always high but rarely exceeds 90

Answer 22

Tropical Rainforest

Question 23

Receives rain seasonally with little to non in the winter and up to 30 in in the summer, temp does not exceed 990 in the summer or 80 in the winter

Answer 23

Savannah

Question 24

Receives less than 10 in of rain in a year, temp are extreme with intense heat during the day and intense cold at night ; small pockets of vegetation called an oasis

Answer 24

desert

Question 25

found in the middle latitudes in land along the western coast of a continent; summers are hot and dry, while winters are mild and wet

Answer 25

mediterranean

Question 26

found in the middle latitudes along the southeastern coast of continents; summers are long and wet and winters are short and dry; supports to biggest percentage of people

Answer 26

humid subtropical

Question 27

also found in the middle latitudes in areas near or surrounded by water; weather is termperate year round ; winter temp stays above freezing summer temp rarely above 70

Answer 27

Marine

Question 28

Another middle latitude climate, generally found inland, this climate is the truest four‐season climate. Precipitation happens year‐round, with winters ranging from cold to extremely cold, and summers from hot to extremely hot based on distances from the ocean.

Answer 28

Humid Continental

Question 29

Stretches of land in the middle latitudes that are far from the ocean. Steppes typically have rainfall of 10‐20 inches a year, and tend to have extreme seasons.

Answer 29

Steppes

Question 30

Found in the high latitudes, it is distant from the ocean and thus has extreme cold temperatures. It has a short growing season and is home to the world’s largest forestlands.

Answer 30

Taiga

Question 31

The area immediately surrounding the poles; it has very long, cold winters and short summers. It has relatively low participation and supports no human life

Answer 31

Tundra

Question 32

• Appalachian Mountains
• Mississippi River
• Rocky Mountains

Answer 32

significant physical features of North America

Question 33

• Andes Mountains

- Amazon River

Answer 33

significant physical features of South America

Question 34

-Alps (tallest mountain range in Europe)

Answer 34

significant physical features of Europe

Question 35

• Himalaya Mountains: tallest mountain range in world
• Gobi Desert
• Fertile Crescent
• Strait of Hormuz

Answer 35

significant physical features of Asia

Question 36

-Sahara Desert

Answer 36

significant physical features of Africa

Question 37

Four reasons for human migration

Answer 37

• suitable water or food source
• militaristic advantage/protection from elements
• freedom from persecution
• searching for a better socio-economic status