Acids/bases/titrations

Question 1

Properties of acidic solutions

Answer 1

Turn litmus red
Contain H+ ions
pH less than 7
Neutralise alkalis/bases
React with some metals
React with carbonates to give CO2 gas
Turn universal indicator red

Question 2

What are 4 common acids?

Answer 2

Sulfuric acid H2SO4
Hydrochloric acid HCl
Nitric acid HNO3
Ethanoic acid CH3COOH

Question 3

Definition of an acid

Answer 3

Things that release H+ ions in aqueous solution

Question 4

What makes an acid strong?

Answer 4

If they completely dissociate

Question 5

What makes an acid weak?

Answer 5

If they are in equilibrium they only partially dissociate

Question 6

What are bases?

Answer 6

Metal oxides

Metal hydroxides

Question 7

What are alkalis?

Answer 7

Bases that are soluble

They release OH- ions in aqueous solutions

Question 8

What are the 3 common alkalis?

Answer 8

Sodium hydroxide
Aqueous ammonia
Potassium hydroxide

Question 9

What is produced when acids react with carbonates?

Answer 9

Salt
Water
Carbon dioxide

Question 10

What is produced when acids react with ammonia

Answer 10

Ammonium salt

Question 11

What do neutralisation reactions involve?

Answer 11

A transfer of a proton (H+) from an acid

Question 12

What are salts?

Answer 12

Made when metal ions/ammonium ions replace H+ in an acid

Question 13

What is a dibasic acid?

Answer 13

One that dissociates with 2 H+ ions (protons)

For example H2SO4

Question 14

Give an example of a dibasic acid

Answer 14

H2SO4 - can dissociate with 2 H+ ions while HCl only has 1 to dissociate with