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Pharmacology > Drugs For Parkinson's Disease > Flashcards

Drugs For Parkinson's Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Replacement therapy for dopamine in PD.

A

Levodopa

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2
Q

Converts levodopa to dopamine.

A

Dopa decarboxylase

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3
Q

How to reduce the peripheral decarboxylation of dopamine?

A

By combining levodopa with DDC inhibitors that are unable to cross the BBB

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4
Q

List two DDC inhibitors?

A

1- Carbidopa.

2- Benserazide

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5
Q

What are the main side effects of levodopa therapy?

A
  • Dyskinesia.

- Fluctuations in levodopa plasma/ brain concentration.

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6
Q

Less likely to result in dyskinesia.

A

DA agonists

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7
Q

List two D2 agonists?

A

1- Bromocriptine.

2- Pramipexole

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8
Q

What are the side effects of DA agonists?

A

Nausea - vomiting - hypotension - delusions- mania -hallucinations

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9
Q

What causes the psychological side effects of DA agonists?

A

Excessive DA + stimulation of Mesocortical DA pathways

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10
Q

DA agonist which can cause pleural effusion, retroperitoneal fibrosis and vasospasm.

A

Bromocriptine

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11
Q

Selective MAO B inhibitor.

A

Selegiline

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12
Q

What is cheese reaction?

A

Severe reaction after consuming cheese (High in tyramine) as a result of taking MAO inhibitors. Causing Hypertension

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13
Q

List two COMT inhibitors.

A

Tolcapone - Entacapone

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14
Q

Used to decrease fluctuations in levodopa.

A

Tolcapone - Entacapone

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15
Q

How does the inhibitory effect of DA is removed in PD?

A

PD removes the inhibitory influence and intensifies the activity of the cholinergic system

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16
Q

List two muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonists?

A

Benzotropine - Biperiden

17
Q

Levodopa + selegeline

A

To reduce metabolism of DA

18
Q

Benserazide (carbidopa) + levodopa

A

To reduce peripheral decarboxylation

19
Q

DA agonist + levodopa

A

To reduce levodopa metabolism + increase total beneficial effect

20
Q

Levodopa + muscarinic antagonist

A

To treat drug induced parkinsonism

21
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Huntington’s disease?

A
  • Chorea.
  • Impaired voluntary movements.
  • Myoclonic jerks.
  • dementia + depression.
  • Severe rigidity.
22
Q

Selective loss of GABA neurons is a characteristic of.

A

Huntington’s disease

23
Q

What causes motor hyperactivity in Huntington’s disease?

A

Loss of GABA neurons lead to DA hyperactivity ( because GABA exert inhibitory effect on DA )

24
Q

DA antagonist used in the treatment of Huntington’s disease.

A

Chlorpromazine

25
Q

GABA B agonist used in the treatment of Huntington’s disease.

A

Baclofen

26
Q

What is the role of tetrabenazine in the treatment pf Huntington’s disease?

A

Depletes dopamine within the brain

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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