Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KNSS 253: Sports Psychology > Chapter 16 Slides > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Slides Flashcards

1
Q

Concentration =

A

attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Concentration:

A
  • the mental effort placed on sensory or mental events

- the person’s ability to exert deliberate mental effort on what is most important in a given situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 4 components of concentration?

A
  • focusing on relevant environment cues
  • maintaining attentional focus
  • situation awareness
  • shifting attentional focus when necessary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Selective attention:

A

selecting what cues to attend to and disregard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Situation awareness:

A

the ability to understand what is going on around oneself (to size up a situation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Concentration is the ability to maintain ____ on relevant environmental cues.

A

focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When the environment changes rapidly, _____ _____ must also change rapidly.

A

attentional focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thinking of the past or the future raises irrelevant cues that often lead to _______ _____.

A

performance errors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Associative strategies are generally correlated with:

A

faster running performances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Runners use both ____ and _____ strategies.

A

associative and dissociative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dissociation does not … but it can decrease ______ and _____.

A
  • does not increase probability of injury

- fatigue and monotony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dissociation should be used by people who want to…

A

increase adherence to exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Elite athlete peak performance is associated with:

A
  • being absorbed in the present, having no thoughts about past or future
  • being mentally relaxed and having a high degree of concentration and control
  • being in a state of extraordinary awareness of both the body and the external environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Compare experts as compared to novice performers in attentional processing.

A
  • make faster decisions and better anticipate future events
  • attend more to movement patterns
  • search more systematically for cues
  • selectively attend to the structure inherent in sport
  • are more skillful in predicting ball flight patterns
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Increases in emotional arousal narrows the _____ _____.

A

attentional field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give an example of arousal attentional narrowing.

A

losing sensitivity to cues in the peripheral visual field with increased emotional arousal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Optimal performance comes when you focus on only:

A

the relevant cues in the athletic environment and eliminate distractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The ability to ______ ______ or ______ _______ is critical in performance environments.

A
  • automatically process

- execute movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name internal distractions.

A
  • attending to past events
  • attending to future events
  • choking under pressure
  • overanalysis of body mechanics
  • fatigue
  • inadequate motivation
20
Q

Name 4 interventions to help alleviate choking under pressure.

A
  • imagery builds athletes’ confidence
  • preshot routines help to keep athletes task-focused and relaxed
  • secondary task focus helps athletes to focus on one task-relevant cue
  • exposure to stressful situations allows athletes to feel more comfortable
21
Q

Self-talk:

A

any statement or thought about self

22
Q

Appropriate self-talk helps one…

A

focus on the present and keeps one’s mind from wandering

23
Q

What are the 3 types of self-talk?

A
  • positive (motivational)
  • negative
  • instructional
24
Q

What are the 3 R’s of normal self talk?

A
  • random
  • reactive
  • restrictive
25
Q

What are the 3 P’s of quality self talk?

A
  • present
  • process
  • productive
26
Q

What are the 4 categories of positive self-talk?

A
  • psych up (power)
  • confidence (I can make it)
  • instruction (focus on technique)
  • anxiety control (calm down)
27
Q

Describe the self-talk and response for missing an important shot in a tennis match.

A
  • self talk: keep your eye on the ball-this match isn’t over”
  • better concentration, optimism, calm
28
Q

Performers who are able to think more ______ about negative stressful events are more successful.

A

positively

29
Q

Ironic processing:

A

trying not to perform a negative action inadvertently causes that event to occur

30
Q

Supportive coaching behaviours help produce more ______ and less ______ self talk.

A
  • positive

- negative

31
Q

Negative punishment coaching behaviours help produce more ______ self talk and less ______ self talk.

A
  • negative

- positive

32
Q

Name 6 uses of self talk.

A
  • motivational
  • initiating action
  • sustaining effort
  • instructional
  • skill acquisition
  • breaking bad habits
33
Q

_____ self talk improves performance. Under certain conditions _____ self talk enhances performance as well.

A
  • positive

- negative

34
Q

Consider ______ when looking at effects of positive and negative self talk on performance.

A

culture

35
Q

6 rules for creating effective self talk:

A
  • Keep phrases short and specific
  • Use the first person and present tense
  • Construct positive phrases
  • Say your phrases with meaning and attention
  • Speak kindly to yourself
  • Repeat phrases often
36
Q

Name 3 techniques for improving self talk.

A
  • thought stopping
  • changing negative self talk to positive self talk
  • combining self talk with self feedback
37
Q

Describe the thought stopping process.

A
  • identify negative thoughts
  • stop the thoughts
  • focus on task-relevant thoughts
38
Q

A focused state of mind requires:

A

deliberate mental effort and intentionality

39
Q

Although skilled athletes can divide their attention between 2 or more concurrent actions, they can focus consciously on…

A

only one thought at a time

40
Q

During peak performance states, athletes’ minds are so focused that there is no difference between ______ and _______.

A

what they are thinking and what they are doing

41
Q

Athletes tend to lose their concentration when they pay attention to events and experiences that are…

A
  • in the future
  • in the past
  • out of their control
  • otherwise irrelevant to the task.
42
Q

Excessive anxiety can undermine optimal performance by…

A
  • having performers focus on inappropriate cues

- focus too much on conscious (as opposed to automatic) control of movement

43
Q

7 tips for improving concentration on site:

A
  • use simulations in practice (practice with distractions)
  • use cue words to focus (instructional and motivational words)
  • employ nonjudgemental thinking
  • establish routines (before or during the event)
  • develop competition plans
  • practice eye contact
  • self-monitor
  • overlearn skills
44
Q

5 step approach to developing pre-performance routines:

A
  • videotaping performance (both competition and practice)
  • clarifying behaviour meaning
  • developing focus and function for each behavioural component
  • routine construction and agreement
  • practice
45
Q

4 exercises for improving concentration:

A
  • learn to shift attention
  • “park” thoughts
  • learn to maintain focus
  • search for relevant cues

KNSS 253: Sports Psychology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions