MEMORY - working memory model Flashcards

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1
Q

who proposed the working-memory model?

A
  • BADDELEY and HITCH

1974

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2
Q

what are 2 essential points of the working-memory model?

A
  • it suggests that memory is an active process that manipulates information
  • it is an elaboration on short-term memory
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3
Q

what are the 4 components of the working-memory model?

A
  • central executive
  • visuo-spatial sketchpad
    (broken into visual cache and inner scribe)
  • episodic buffer
  • phonological loop
    (broken down into phonological store and articulatory process)
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4
Q

what are characteristics of the central executive?

A
  • attentional process that distributes information to the other stores
  • limited capacity
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5
Q

what are characteristics of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

A
  • stores spatial information of objects
  • LOGIE introduced inner scribe that records arrangement of objects and visual cache that stores visual date
  • limited capacity of 3-4 objects
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6
Q

what are characteristics of the episodic buffer?

A

(added in 2000)

  • temporary information store including visual, spatial and verbal info
  • time-sequences events
  • limited capacity of 4 chunks
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7
Q

what are characteristics of the phonological loop?

A
  • deals with auditory information
  • phonological store: stores verbal info
  • articulatory process: allows maintenance rehearsal
  • limited duration of 2 seconds
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8
Q

EVALUATION

what did SHALLICE and WARRINGTON do? and how does this relate to the working-memory model?

A
  • studied amnesia sufferer, KF
  • could recall words he read himself better than words read to him
    so. ..
  • supports the proposal that there are multiple stores for different short-term codings
    (acoustic and visual)
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9
Q

EVALUATION

what did BADDELEY do? and how does this relate to the working-memory model?

A
  • found that dual-task performance worsened when participants attempted to perform 2 visual tasks rather than a visual and verbal task
  • two of the same actions compete for the same slave system
    so. ..
  • supports the idea that there must be a separae store for verbal tasks than visual tasks
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10
Q

EVALUATION

what did BADDELEY say? and how does this relate to the working-memory model?

A
  • stated that the central executive is the least understood but most important section of the model
  • some believe it may be broken down further to different processes
    so. ..
  • means the model is incomplete and thus cannot provide sufficient explanation for how short-term memory is organised
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