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Sketchy Pharm-Cardio > Antiarrhythmics > Flashcards

Antiarrhythmics Flashcards

1
Q

Class 1 antiarrhythmics block what channels? Result in what overall effect to the AP

A

Voltage gated sodium channels.

Prolongs the phase 0 upstroke and slows the cardiac AP.

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2
Q

Do class 1 antiarrhythmics block open, closed, or inactivated Na+ channels?

A

Open or Inactivated

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3
Q

What type of cardiac tissues do Class 1 antiarrhythmics have an effect on?

A

Rapidly depolarizing cells

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4
Q

Class 1 antiarrhythmics have what effect on an ECG?

A

Increased QRS duration and prolonged AP

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5
Q

Name the Class 1a antiarrhythmics

A

Quinidine
Procainamide
Disopyramide

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6
Q

Binding affinity of Class 1a, b, and c?

A

a - Intermediate
b - Low
c - High

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7
Q

Class 1a MOA?

A

Inhibit Na+ and K+ voltage gated channels. This slows down Phase 0, 2, and 3 and increases the refractory period.

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8
Q

Class 1a treats?

A

Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias

WPW

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9
Q

Class 1a adverse effects?

A 
Cinchonism
Thrombocytopenia
Lupus like syndrome
Exacerbate HF
Precipitate torsades
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10
Q

Name the class 1b medications?

A

Lidocaine
Mexiletine
Phenytoin

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11
Q

Class 1b MOA?

A

Inhibit Na+ and moderately slow phase 0 upstroke. Decreased phase 2 and 3 leading to a decreased refractory period

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12
Q

Class 1b treats?

A

Ventricular arrhythmias

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13
Q

Class 1b adverse effects?

A

Neurological issues

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14
Q

Name the class 1c medications

A

Flecainidine

Propafenone

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15
Q

Class 1c MOA?

A

Inhibit Na+ channels strongly and prolong the phase 0 upstroke. There is NO effect on AP duration.

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16
Q

Class 1c treats?

A

Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias

A-fib

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17
Q

Class 1c contraindication?

A

Ischemic heart disease

18
Q

Name the class 2 antiarrhythmics

A

Beta-blockers

19
Q

Class 2 MOA?

A

Blocking sympathetic input to the SA and AV nodes. Decrease cAMP. Closure of Calcium channels. Overall prolongation of phase 4. Decreased AV conduction

20
Q

Class 2 treats?

A

Supraventricular arrhythmias

A-fib, flutter

Rate control

21
Q

Class 2 effects on the ECG?

A

Prolonged PR interval

22
Q

Class 3 MOA?

A

Block K+ channels and prolong phase 2 and 3. Prolonged refractory period

23
Q

What is special about Amiodarone?

A

Shares properties of class 1, 2, 3 and 4 antiarrhythmics

24
Q

Name the class 3 antiarrhythmics

A

Amiodarone
Dofetilide
Ibutilide
Sotalol

25
Q

Class 3 treats?

A

Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias

A-fib

26
Q

Amiodarone side-effects

A 
Neurologic
Gray corneal deposits
Thyroid issues
Pulmonary fibrosis
Heart block
HF
Hepatitis
Skin discoloration
Photodermatitis
Inhibits CYP-450
27
Q

Can class 3 antiarrhythmics induce torsades?

A

YES

28
Q

What are class 4 antiarrhythmics?

A

NDHP CCBs

29
Q

Name the class 4 antiarrhythmics

A

Verapamil

Diltiazem

30
Q

Class 4 MOA

A

Block Calcium current in the SA and AV nodes. Prolong phase 4, decreased pacemaker, prolonged conduction and prolonged refractory period.

Prolonged PR interval

31
Q

NDHP treat?

A

Supraventricular arrhythmias
A-fib
Rate control

32
Q

NDHP adverse?

A

Cause heart block

33
Q

Digoxin MOA

A

Stimulation of the vagus nerve and AV nodal inhibition

34
Q

Digoxin treats?

A

Prevents rapid ventricular response in A-fib

35
Q

Magnesium treats?

A

Arrhythmias such as torsades

36
Q

Adenosine MOA

A

Activates inhibitory A1 receptors on the myocardium at the SA and AV nodes. Suppresses inward Ca++ current and increases outward current of K+. Overall decreased AV conduction and prolonged refractory period

37
Q

Adenosine treatment?

A

Acute supraventricular arrhythmias such as PSVT

38
Q

Adenosine effect on A2 receptors?

A

Coronary dilation

39
Q

Adenosine adverse effects?

A

Cutaneous flushing
SOB, chest pain, feeling of impending doom
Headache
Hypotension

40
Q

Adenosine effects are inhibited by?

A

Caffeine and Theophylline

Sketchy Pharm-Cardio (4 decks)

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