Misleading information

Question 1

What is misleading information?

Answer 1

incorrect information given to an eyewitness following an event

Question 2

What are 2 types of misleading information?

Answer 2

Leading questions

Post-event discussion

Question 3

Define leading questions

Answer 3

Questions that suggest what answer is desired

Question 4

Which psychologists looked into the effect of leading questions?

Answer 4

Loftus + Palmer

Question 5

Outline the procedure of Loftus and Palmer - Experiment 1

Answer 5

5 groups shown clips of a car accident

Asked how fast the cars were going when they ‘—–’ each other

Question 6

What were the 5 variants in Loftus and Palmer - Experiment 1

Answer 6

Smashed
Hit
Collided
Contacted
Bumped

Question 7

What were the findings of Loftus and Palmer - Experiment 1?

Answer 7

Those in the smashed condition had the highest speed predictions. Those in the contacted group had the lowest speed predictions.

Question 8

Outline the procedure of Loftus and Palmer - Experiment 2

Answer 8

Participants watched a clip of a car accident
Hit and smashed conditions
Did you see any broken glass?

Question 9

What were the findings of Loftus and Palmer - Experiment 2

Answer 9

Smash = recall seeing glass, unlike the majority in the hit condition

Question 10

What is a weakness of Loftus and Palmer’s research?

Answer 10

Lacks external validity. Don’t experience the same emotions because it’s conducted in an artificial lab environment.

Students are not representative of the general population in a number of ways. Importantly they may be less experienced drivers and therefore less confident in their ability to estimate speeds. This may have influenced them to be more swayed by the verb in the question.

Question 11

Define post-event discussion

Answer 11

A conversation between co-witnesses after a crime has taken pace, which may contaminate a witness’ memory of an event

Question 12

What is a study investigating post-event discussion?

Answer 12

Gabbert et al.

Question 13

Outline Gabbert et al.

Answer 13

Watched video of a girl stealing money from a wallet
Tested in pairs
Told that they’d seen a different perspective and that only 1 person had actually seen the girl stealing
Discussed crime

Question 14

What are the findings from Gabbert et al.?

Answer 14

71% recalled info that they actually hadn’t seen

Question 15

What is a strength of Gabbert et al.?

Answer 15

Good sample
120
Range of ages