ATP (Y1) Flashcards
Give 3 examples of activities in organisms that require energy
- synthesis of large molecules e.g proteins
- movement e.g protein fibres in muscle cells that cause muscle contraction
- transport e.g pumping of molecules or ions across cell membranes via active transport
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
What does ADP stand for?
Adenosine diphosphate
What does ATP consists of?
Adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphate groups
What does the hydrolysis of ATP produce?
An Inorganic phosphate, energy and ADP
What is removed from ATP in the hydrolysis of it?
A phosphate groups
What is the role of respiration in terms of ATP?
It reforms ATP using the energy from glucose
Define phosphorylation
Is the reattaching of a phosphate group to an ADP molecule
Why is ATP not a good store of energy?
The phosphate bonds are relatively unstable
What are the 5 properties of ATP that make it ideally suited to being an energy transfer molecule?
- it its small
- it is water soluble
- it contains bonds between phosphates with intermediate energy
- it is easily generated
- releases energy in small quantities
How does ATP being small suit it to its function?
it can move easily into, out of, and within cells
How does ATP being water soluble suit it to its function?
energy requiring processes happen in aqueous solution
How does ATP containing bonds between phosphates with intermediate energy suit it to its function?
it contains enough energy to be useful but not so much that energy is wasted
How does ATP being easily generated suit it to its function?
Can be recharged with energy
How does ATP releasing energy in small quantities suit it to its function?
suitable for most cellular needs and prevents energy being wasted
