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Medicine - Foundation > Introduction To Anatomy > Flashcards

Introduction To Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Belly

A

Fleshy and contractile part of muscle

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2
Q

Tendon

A

Fibrous and cord-like part of muscle

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3
Q

Aponeurosis

A

Flattened tendon

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4
Q

Nonmenclature of muscles types

A
  • Shape
  • No. of heads of origin
  • Gross structure
  • Location
  • Attachment
  • Function
  • Direction of fibers
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5
Q

Muscle shape examples

A
  • Trapezius
  • Rhomboideus
  • Serratus anterior
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6
Q

Muscle no. of origins examples

A
  • Biceps
  • Triceps
  • Digastric
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7
Q

Muscle gross structure examples

A
  • Semitendinosus

* Semimembranous

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8
Q

Muscle location examples

A
  • Temporalis
  • Intercostal
  • Supraspinatus
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9
Q

Muscle attachment examples

A
  • Stylohyoid

* Cricothyroid

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10
Q

Muscle function examples

A
  • Adductor longus

* Flexor carpi ulnaris

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11
Q

Muscle direction of fibers examples

A
  • Rectus abdominis

* Oblique abdominis

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12
Q

Bony features types

A
  • Elevation
  • Depression
  • Openings
  • Articular area
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13
Q

Artery types

A
  • Elastic artery

* Muscular artery

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14
Q

Elastic artery

A

Walls have lots of elastin fibers

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15
Q

Muscular artery

A

Walls of these arteries have smooth muscles

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16
Q

Sinusoids

A

Replace capillaries in liver, spleen, bone marrow

16
Q

Sinusoids

A

Replace capillaries in liver, spleen, bone marrow

17
Q

Anatomosis

A
  • Cross-connection between adjacent channels of network

* pre-capillary or post-capillary communication between neighbouring vessels

18
Q

Medial meaning

A

Towards the midline

19
Q

Lateral meaning

A

Away from the midline

20
Q

Proximal meaning

A

Closer to the origin

21
Q

Distal meaning

A

Farther from the origin

22
Q

Circumduction meaning

A

To make a circle by moving peripheral part of limb

23
Q

Supination

A

Rotation of an extremity into anatomical position

24
Q

Pronation

A

Rotation of extremity out of anatomical position

25
Q

Arrangement of structures of body

A
  • Bones form supporting framework
  • Muscles are attahed to bones
  • Blood vessels, nerves, lymohatics form neurovascular bundles which course between muscles along fascial planes
  • Thoracic and abdominal cavities contain several internal organs (viscera)
  • Whole body has 3 general coverings (skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia)
26
Q

Integumentary system function

A
  • Barrier to pathogens and chemicals

* Prevents excessive water loss

27
Q

Integumentary system organs

A
  • Skin

* Subcutaneous tissue

28
Q

Endocrine system

A
  • Regulates body functions such as growth and reproduction

* Regulates day to day metabolism

29
Q

Endocrine system

A
  • Thyroid gland
  • Pituitary gland
  • Pancreas

Medicine - Foundation (10 decks)

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