Organic modafuckka

Question 1

Tollen’s

Answer 1

• AgNo3(aq) and NaOH(aq) forms a brown ppt of Ag2O
• Add dilute ammonia until ppt disappears
• Add unknown solution –> silver mirror= aldehyde

NB: Ag is reduced to Ag(s)
- Aldehyde is oxidised to Carboxylic acid

Question 2

Acyl Chloride + Ammonia = 1º Amide

equation

Answer 2

CH3-COCl + 2NH3 –> CH3-CONH2 + NH4Cl

Question 3

Acyl Chloride + Primary Amine = 2º Amide

equation

Answer 3

CH3-COCl + 2CH3-NH2 –> CH3-CONHCH3 + CH3-NH3+Cl-

Question 4

Making Primary Amines

haloalkane + NH3 in ethanol, then reflux in NaOH

Answer 4

CH3CH2CH2Cl + NH3 –> CH3CH2CH2NH3+Cl- (forms a salt)

CH3CH2CH2NH3+Cl- + NaOH –> CH3CH2CH2NH2 + NaCl + H2O

Question 5

Hydrolysing Polyamides

Answer 5

REMEMBER:

- NH –> NH3+ with acid catalyst.

Question 6

Condensation Polymer

Answer 6

When monomers are joined together which produces a molecule of H20/HCl.

Question 7

Haloalkane –> Nitrile

Answer 7

NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION!!!!

Question 8

Ketone/Aldehyde –> Hydroxinitrile

Answer 8

NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION!!!!

remember, HCN is produced in situ
2NaCN + H2SO4 –> 2HCN + Na2SO4