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GSI > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Identify 4 gases in our atomosphere

A

Nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide

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2
Q

What gas is the most prevelant

A

Nitrogen

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3
Q

What layer of the atmosphere would you find weather and airplanes

A

troposphere

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4
Q

in what layer would you find ozone

A

stratosphere

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5
Q

At what latitude would you most likely experience rainy conditions and why

A

0 (equator), due to warm rising air which gives a low pressure

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6
Q

At what lat would you find dry conditions and why

A

30, high pressure due to warm sinking air

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7
Q

convection currents are created by

A

uneven heating of the earths surface

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8
Q

how are winds named

A

the direction in which they begin

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9
Q

difference between weather and climate

A

weather - short terms climate - long terms

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10
Q

how is climate influenced by latitude

A

as lat increases, temperature decreases

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11
Q

how is climate influenced by elevation

A

as lat increases, temperature decreases

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12
Q

how is climate influenced by water

A

climate remains moderate

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13
Q

what are the 6 biomes

A

tundra, taiga, temperate forest, desert, grassland, tropical rainforest

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14
Q

general lat of tundra

A

75 degrees

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15
Q

general lat of taiga

A

60-75 degrees

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16
Q

general location of temperate forrest

A

between 30-60 degrees (50), pa

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17
Q

general location of grasslands

A

interior of continents

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18
Q

general lat of tropical rainforest

A

0-5 degrees

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19
Q

return of carbon to the soil through breakdown and decay of organic matter (plants and animals)

A

decomposition

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20
Q

use fo CO2 by plants as they make their own food

A

photosynthesis

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21
Q

Carbon dioxide in the air when it comes in contact with and dissolves in seawater

A

carbon ocean uptake

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22
Q

release of carbon compounds into air through the burning of fossil fueld

A

combustion

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23
Q

release of CO2 in the air as a biproduct of obtaining energy from food at a cellular level

A

cellular respiration

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24
Q

sink or source - oceans

A

sink

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25
Q

sink or source - decomposition/dead organisims

A

source

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26
Q

sink or source - forrests

A

sink

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27
Q

sink or source - atmosphere

A

neither

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28
Q

sink or source - fossil fuels

A

source

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29
Q

Generally, what happend to the concentraion of CO2 in the air as fume admissions becan to increase

A

it increased

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30
Q

Around what year did the carbon emmisions from factories, cars, begin to rise and what was happening around this time

A

1880, industrial revolution

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31
Q

renewable resources can be replaced after how long

A

around 25 years

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32
Q

non-renewable resources can be replaced after how long

A

a long time

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33
Q

example of renewable resources

A

trees, water

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34
Q

examples of non- renewable resources

A

soil, fossil fuels, minerals

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35
Q

law of conservation of matter with example

A

matter can neither be created or destroyed. Minerals removed from ground, become steel, recycled

36
Q

the amount of land to sustain a persons use of natural resources

A

ecological footprint

37
Q

that represents ones ecological footp.

A

1

38
Q

determines past climate, indirect

A

proxy data

39
Q

determines current climate

A

direct

40
Q

proxy data ex.

A

tree rings, ice cores, coral

41
Q

direct ex.

A

satellites, instruments

42
Q

man made

A

anthropogenic

43
Q

how do anthropogenic changes to the global carbon cycle impact the greenhouse effect

A

increase carbon em.

44
Q

How does the greenhouse effect affect the the avergae atmospheric temperature

A

when they increase, they trap more heat and increase temperature

45
Q

As CO2 increases, _______ increases

A

temperature

46
Q

what contributes to CO2 emmision

A

burning of fossil fuels

47
Q

the amount of light that is reflected by a surface

A

albedo

48
Q

high or low albedo - ice

A

high

49
Q

high or low albedo - forest

A

low

50
Q

high or low albedo - snow

A

high

51
Q

high or low albedo - pavement

A

low

52
Q

example of positive feedback loop

A

melting of glaciers, increase in co2, decreased albedo, warming

53
Q

reproductive structure of a plant that is designed to attract pollinaters

A

flower

54
Q

provides support for the plant and conatains transport tissue

A

stem

55
Q

location in the plant where the majority of photosynthesis occurs

A

leaves

56
Q

produced after pollination and capable of developing into another plant

A

seed

57
Q

anchors the plant to soil and absorbs water and minerals

A

roots

58
Q

transports water and nutrients up the roots

A

xylen

59
Q

transports sugars to other parts of the plants down

A

ploem

60
Q

three main parts of the seed

A

endosperm, seed coat, embryo

61
Q

provides nutrients during germination

A

endosperm

62
Q

protects seed

A

seed coat

63
Q

when plant begins to grow

A

embryo

64
Q

building of a seed

A

germination

65
Q

in order for a seed to germinate, what does it require

A

water, oxygen, proper temperature

66
Q

what do plants need to grow

A

light, air, water, nutrients

67
Q

how are the requirements different from a plants requirements during photosynthesis

A

a plant requires light for photosynthesis to make food (glucose)

68
Q

organisms that carry out photosynthesis. Using energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water are converted into organic materials to be used in cellular functions such as biosynthesis and respiration.

A

photoautotroph

69
Q

gets food from other organisms

A

heterotroph

70
Q

equation for photosynthesis

A

energy (light) + 6CO2 + 6H2O = C6h12O6 + 6O2

71
Q

how does photosynthesis show the law of con. of matter

A

6 C in CO2 —–> 6C in glucose
18O in CO2 and H2O —–> 18O in Glucose and O
12 H in water ——–> 12 H in glucose

72
Q

In what organelle does photosynthesis occur

A

chloyophlasts

73
Q

where are chlorophlasts found

A

leaves

74
Q

When pollen in transported from male parts of one flower to female parts of another flower

A

pollenation

75
Q

how is pollen transported

A

wind, animals, and water (which is not the main one)

76
Q

Why is seed dispersal nessesary

A

If seeds grow too close to eachother, they will compete

77
Q

how can seed dispersal be accomplised with air

A

dandilion blows in wind

78
Q

how can seed dispersal be accomplised with water

A

seed falls into water and goes downstream

79
Q

how can seed dispersal be accomplised with animals

A

bur gets stuck in dogs fur

80
Q

5 compounets of healthy soil

A

water, air, organic matter, rocks, and minerals

81
Q

process to help preserve soil

A

crop rotation

82
Q

the process of growing the same plant over a large area year after year

A

monocropping

83
Q

what does monocropping do to the soil

A

depletes it of important nutrients

84
Q

when soil loses its fertility and its ability to support life

A

desertification

85
Q

why is it important to preserve healthy soil

A
  • helps plants create more nutrients
  • keeps air clean
  • protects healthy plants from harm with microbes
86
Q

the breakdown of rocks through natural forces and is an important process in soil formation

A

weathering

87
Q

the breaking down of once living organisims and is also an important process in soil formation

A

decomposition

GSI (13 decks)

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