oesophageal cancer Flashcards
most common type of oesophageal cancer?
adenocarcinoma
what is the other type of oesophageal cancer?
squamous
risk factors for squamous carcinoma in the oesophagus>
males, vitamin A/zinc deficiency, smoking, alcohol, HPV, oesophagitis
corkscrew appearance on barium swallow?
diffuse oesophageal spasm
risk factors in general for oesophageal cancer?
smoking alcohol GORD Barrett's oesophagus achalasia Plummer-Vinson syndrome squamous cell carcinoma is also linked to diets rich in nitrosamines rare: coeliac disease, scleroderma
Zollinger Ellison syndrome?
gastrin secreting tumour – overproduction of gastric acid – recurrent peptic ulcers
what has a bird beak appearance on barium swallow?
achalasia
treatment of achalasia?
hellers cardiomyotomy or balloon dilatation
why would you do a contrast swallow?
to classify benign motility disorders
treatment of oesophageal cancer
oesophagectomy
what is the pattern of dysphagia in oesophageal cancer?
Progressive dysphagia with weight loss
If dysplasia of any grade is identified endoscopic intervention is offered. Options include?
endoscopic mucosal resection
radio frequency ablation
large volumes of dark red blood?
oesophageal varices
what are oesophageal varies a result of?
liver disease
what will there usually be signs of when you get oesophgeal varices?
portal hypertension
