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GI > GI drugs > Flashcards

GI drugs Flashcards

1
Q

PPIs - where is their site of action?

A

parietal cell

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2
Q

what do PPIs inhibit?

A

the final step of acid production at decretory surface of gastric parietal cell

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3
Q

side effects of PPI?

A

headache, nausea, diarrhoea, fatigue, abdo pain

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4
Q

control of vomiting is by the vomiting centre. where is this?

A

medulla

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5
Q

the vomiting act. what are the stages?

A

efferent stimulation from vomiting centre in medulla. deep breath. upper oesophageal sphincter relaxation. closure of glottis (protects airway). diagphramic contraction. abdominal wall contraction. lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation.

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6
Q

visceral stimulation from GI tract to vomiting centre. which neurotransmitters are involved?

A

serotonin and dopamine

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7
Q

where do opiods act to cause vomiting ?

A

CTZ

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8
Q

what kind of drugs are metaclopramide and domperidone?

A

dopamine receptor agonists (DOmperidone)

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9
Q

which drug is used for motion sickness?

A

hyoscine hydrobromide

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10
Q

which drugs work by blocking H1 receptors within the vomiting centre?

A

cyclizine, promethazine

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11
Q

what kind of drug is ondansetron?

A

5ht3 receptor antagonists (in the gut)

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12
Q

what is 5ht3?

A

serotonin

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13
Q

examples of serotonin receptor antagonists used for anti sickness?

A

ondansetron, granisetron

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14
Q

what is used in pregnancy for anti emetic?

A

anti emetics are generally avoided

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15
Q

first choice anti emetic in pregnancy?

A

anti histamine

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16
Q

drug induced nausea in pregnancy treatment?

A

cyclizine or dopamine agonist

17
Q

hyoscine butyl bromide - what is this drug used for?

A

abdominal cramps

18
Q

what kind of drug is hyoscine hydrobromide?

A

anti muscarinic

19
Q

what kind of drug is cyclizine

A

anti histamine

20
Q

what kind of drug is promethazine/

A

anti histamine

21
Q

side effect of ondansetron?

A

constipation (otp)

22
Q

metronidazole and alcohol - what happens?

A

tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia

23
Q

what is plummer vinson syndrome?

A 
plummer vinson digs hole for iron pipe 
Dysphagia 
Iron deficiency anaemia 
Glossitis 
Squamous cell carcinoma
24
Q

why do you get dysphagia in plummer vinson syndrome?

A

secondary to eosophageal webs

25
Q

treatment of plummer vinson syndrome?

A

iron supplementation and dilation of the webs

26
Q

dysphagia with pain?

A

oesophageal web

27
Q

name a H2 receptor antagonist?

A

ranitidine, cimetidine

28
Q

method of action of H2 antagonists?

A

reduce production of H

29
Q

why do H2 receptor antagonists cause headaches

A

they cross the blood brain barrier

GI (22 decks)

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