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Bio 102 > 6th Lab - Nervous System > Flashcards

6th Lab - Nervous System Flashcards

(141 cards)

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1
Q

Location: Dura mater

A

Outermost, toughest membrane

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2
Q

Function: Dura mater

A

Covers and protects the brain and spinal cord; surrounds the arachnoid

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3
Q

Location: Arachnoid

A

Very delicate membrane separating the dura mater and pia mater

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4
Q

Function: Arachnoid

A

Covers and protects the brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

Location: subdural space

A

Between dura mater and arachnoid

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6
Q

Location: Pia mater

A

Innermost, delicate membrane covering the surface of the brain

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7
Q

Function: Pia mater

A

Covers and protects the brain and spinal cord; house blood vessels supplying the underlying nervous tissue

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8
Q

Olfactory bulbs

A

Receives olfactory impulses from the olfactory nerves

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9
Q

Cerebral hemispheres

A

For motor function, thinking and reasoning, speech and language, bowel and bladder control, emotion control, sensory interpretation, sexual behavior

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10
Q

Gyri

A

Increase the working area of the cerebral hemispheres (cerebrum)

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11
Q

Sulci

A

Increase the working area of the cerebral hemispheres (cerebrum)

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12
Q

Longitudinal cerebral fissure

A

Separates the cerebrum into right and left hemispheres

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13
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Facilitates interhemispheric communication; conect left and right cerebral hemispheres

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14
Q

Choroid plexus

A

Produces CSF; barrier between blood and CSF

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15
Q

Cerebellum

A

Coordinates voluntary motor movement, balance and equilibrium

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16
Q

Corpora quadrigemina: composed of which structures?

A

Superior and inferior colliculi

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17
Q

Superior colliculi

A

Acts as the visual reflex center

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18
Q

Inferior colliculi

A

Acts as the auditory reflex center

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19
Q

Vermis/worm

A

Connects the cerebellar hemispheres; site of termination of the spinocerebellar pathways that carry subconscious proprioception

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20
Q

Cerebellar hemispheres

A

Coordination of voluntary movements, balance, equilibrium and muscle tone

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21
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Relays nerve signals between brain and spinal cord; deals with autonomic functions, such as breathing, heart rate and blood pressure

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22
Q

Third ventricle

A

Sends/receives messages to and from the lateral (ventricle?); protects brain from injury; contains CSF

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23
Q

Fourth ventricle

A

Helps form the central canal of the spinal cord; protects brain from injury; contains CSF

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24
Q

Clava

A

Responsible for feelings of touch, heat, pain, etc. in the lower body (legs and trunk); transmits somatic sensory impulses (somatic sensory column)

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25
Tuberculum cuneatum
Transmits somatic sensory impulses (somatic sensory column)
26
Restiform body / Posterior peduncle
Integrates proprioceptive sensory input with motor vestibular functions
27
Area acoustica
Primary auditory center
28
Other name: CN 0
Nervus terminalis
29
Other name: CN 1
Olfactory nerve
30
Other name: CN 2
Optic nerve
31
Other name: CN 3
Oculomotor nerve
32
Other name: CN 4
Trochlear nerve
33
Other name: CN 5
Trigeminal nerve
34
Other name: CN 6
Abducens nerve
35
Other name: CN 7
Facial nerve
36
Other name: CN 8
Auditory nerve
37
Other name: CN 9
Glossopharyngeal nerve
38
Other name: CN 10
Vagus nerve
39
Other name: CN 11
Spinal accessory nerve
40
Other name: CN 12
Hypoglossal nerve
41
Nervus terminalis (CN 0)
For pheromone reception
42
Olfactory nerve
Innervates the olfactory epithelium (carries olfactory impulses to the olfactory bulb)
43
Optic nerve
Innervates the retina
44
Oculomotor nerve
Innervates superior, medial, and inferior rectus and inferior oblique (external and internal muscles)
45
Trochlear nerve (CN 4)
Innervates superior oblique (external muscles)
46
``` Trigeminal nerve (CN 5) Opthalmic and maxillary - sensory; Mandibular - cutaneous and motor ```
Innervates jaw muscles, skin of face, and snout
47
Abducens nerve (CN 6)
Innervates lateral rectus (external muscles)
48
Facial nerve (CN 7)
Innervates facial (hyoid) musculature, salivary and tear glands, and taste buds
49
Auditory nerve (CN 8)
Innervates vestibular and cochlear organs
50
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN 9)
Innervates pharynx, salivary glands, and taste buds
51
Vagus nerve (CN 10)
Innervates visceral organs of the thorax and abdomen, larynx, pharynx, taste buds
52
Spinal accessory nerve (CN 11)
Innervates sternoclaidomastoid complex and trapezius muscles
53
Hypoglossal nerve (CN 12)
Innervates tongue and syrinx
54
Olfactory tract
Connects the olfactory bulb to the target regions of the brain
55
Pyriform lobe
For the perception of smell
56
Rhinal fissure
Separates the pyriform lobes from the central hemispheres
57
Diencephalon (thalamencephalon)
Directs sensory impulses throughout the body; controls autonomic , endocrine, and motor functions, homeostasis, touch perception, hearing, vision, smell and taste
58
Optic chiasma
Allows each half of the brain to receive visual signals from both eyes
59
Anterior perforated substance
Houses small blood vessels which supply areas like the internal capsule
60
Posterior perforated substance
Allows for transmission of blood vessels
61
Tuber cinereum
Releases histamine to help in regulating the circadian cycle
62
Mammilary body
Involved in processing of recognition memory
63
Cerebral peduncles
Carries information (body movement) from cerebral cortex to the brain stem
64
Pons
Acts as a bridge for information between the cerebrum and cerebellum
65
Trapezoid
Carries the auditory impulses to the anterior portion of the brain
66
Median ventral fissure
Incompletely divides the spinal cord into symmetrical halves
67
Pyramids (somatic motor tracts)
Carries voluntary (somatic) motor impulses from brain to spinal cord
68
Basilar artery
Supplies blood to the occipital lobes, cerebellum, brain stem
69
Circle of willis
Ensures blood flow to the brain
70
Cerebral arteries
Supply blood to the cerebellum
71
Brachium pontis
Involved in cognitive functions such as attention and language
72
Corpus callosum: composed of?
Splenium, genu, fornix
73
Splenium
Connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain; interhemispheric communication
74
Genu
Connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain; interhemispheric communication
75
Fornix
Connects the hippocampus to the hypothalamus
76
Septum pellucidum
Separates the left and right ventricles
77
Lateral ventricle
Protects the brain from trauma; contains CSF
78
Epithalamus
Connects the limbic system to other parts of the brain i.e. habenulae, pineal body
79
Thalamus
Processes sensory information and regulates consciousness, sleep, and alertness
80
Hypothalamus
Controls autonomic functions, emotions, endocrine functions, homeostasis, and sleep cycle
81
Aqueduct of sylvius
Connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles
82
Tegmentum
Controls motor functions and regulates awareness and attention
83
Arbor vitae
Carries sensory and motor information to and from the cerebellum
84
Foramen of monro
Connect the third and lateral ventricles
85
Other name: CN 0
Nervus terminalis
86
Other name: CN 1
Olfactory nerve
87
Other name: CN 2
Optic nerve
88
Other name: CN 3
Oculomotor nerve
89
Other name: CN 4
Trochlear nerve
90
Other name: CN 5
Trigeminal nerve
91
Other name: CN 6
Abducens nerve
92
Other name: CN 7
Facial nerve
93
Other name: CN 8
Auditory nerve
94
Other name: CN 9
Glossopharyngeal nerve
95
Other name: CN 10
Vagus nerve
96
Other name: CN 11
Spinal accessory nerve
97
Other name: CN 12
Hypoglossal nerve
98
Nervus terminalis (CN 0)
For pheromone reception
99
Olfactory nerve
Innervates the olfactory epithelium (carries olfactory impulses to the olfactory bulb)
100
Optic nerve
Innervates the retina
101
Oculomotor nerve
Innervates superior, medial, and inferior rectus and inferior oblique (external and internal muscles)
102
Trochlear nerve (CN 4)
Innervates superior oblique (external muscles)
103
``` Trigeminal nerve (CN 5) Opthalmic and maxillary - sensory; Mandibular - cutaneous and motor ```
Innervates jaw muscles, skin of face, and snout
104
Abducens nerve (CN 6)
Innervates lateral rectus (external muscles)
105
Facial nerve (CN 7)
Innervates facial (hyoid) musculature, salivary and tear glands, and taste buds
106
Auditory nerve (CN 8)
Innervates vestibular and cochlear organs
107
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN 9)
Innervates pharynx, salivary glands, and taste buds
108
Vagus nerve (CN 10)
Innervates visceral organs of the thorax and abdomen, larynx, pharynx, taste buds
109
Spinal accessory nerve (CN 11)
Innervates sternoclaidomastoid complex and trapezius muscles
110
Hypoglossal nerve (CN 12)
Innervates tongue and syrinx
111
Olfactory tract
Connects the olfactory bulb to the target regions of the brain
112
Pyriform lobe
For the perception of smell
113
Rhinal fissure
Separates the pyriform lobes from the central hemispheres
114
Diencephalon (thalamencephalon)
Directs sensory impulses throughout the body; controls autonomic , endocrine, and motor functions, homeostasis, touch perception, hearing, vision, smell and taste
115
Optic chiasma
Allows each half of the brain to receive visual signals from both eyes
116
Anterior perforated substance
Houses small blood vessels which supply areas like the internal capsule
117
Posterior perforated substance
Allows for transmission of blood vessels
118
Tuber cinereum
Releases histamine to help in regulating the circadian cycle
119
Mammilary body
Involved in processing of recognition memory
120
Cerebral peduncles
Carries information (body movement) from cerebral cortex to the brain stem
121
Pons
Acts as a bridge for information between the cerebrum and cerebellum
122
Trapezoid
Carries the auditory impulses to the anterior portion of the brain
123
Median ventral fissure
Incompletely divides the spinal cord into symmetrical halves
124
Pyramids (somatic motor tracts)
Carries voluntary (somatic) motor impulses from brain to spinal cord
125
Basilar artery
Supplies blood to the occipital lobes, cerebellum, brain stem
126
Circle of willis
Ensures blood flow to the brain
127
Cerebral arteries
Supply blood to the cerebellum
128
Brachium pontis
Involved in cognitive functions such as attention and language
129
Corpus callosum: composed of?
Splenium, genu, fornix
130
Splenium
Connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain; interhemispheric communication
131
Genu
Connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain; interhemispheric communication
132
Fornix
Connects the hippocampus to the hypothalamus
133
Septum pellucidum
Separates the left and right ventricles
134
Lateral ventricle
Protects the brain from trauma; contains CSF
135
Epithalamus
Connects the limbic system to other parts of the brain i.e. habenulae, pineal body
136
Thalamus
Processes sensory information and regulates consciousness, sleep, and alertness
137
Hypothalamus
Controls autonomic functions, emotions, endocrine functions, homeostasis, and sleep cycle
138
Aqueduct of sylvius
Connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles
139
Tegmentum
Controls motor functions and regulates awareness and attention
140
Arbor vitae
Carries sensory and motor information to and from the cerebellum
141
Foramen of monro
Connect the third and lateral ventricles

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