7 Flashcards
(32 cards)
What happens to Vitamin A availability when zinc is deficient?
Vitamin A deficiency may occur because zinc is needed to make proteins involved in vitamin A transport and metabolism
What does Epithelial tissue make?
Epithelial tissue makes up the skin, and the linings of the eyes, intestines, lungs, vagina, and bladder
Which symptom of Vitamin A deficiency is the most easily reversible?
Night blindness
What are two products of vitamin A that are used to treat acne?
Retin-A
Accutane
What do VItamin A supplements typically contain?
Vitamin A supplements contain β-carotene because the preformed Vitamin A can be toxic
Why are smokers advised to avoid β-carotene supplements?
β-carotene supplements have been associated with an increaseof lung cancer in cigarette smokers
Bioavalability
Amount absorbed
Which dietary components increase calcium bioavailabilty?
Lactose
Acidic foods
Fat
Which dietary components decrease calcium bioavailabilty?
Fiber
Phytates
Oxalates
Tannins
What are some weight-bearing bones?
Bones in the hips and spine
Why does living at higher latitudes, staying indoors, and keeping the skin covered when outdoors increase the risk of vitamin D deficiency?
Anything that interferes with the transmission of UV radiation to Earth’s surface or its penetration into the skin will affect the synthesis of vitamin D
What is most of the iron in the body part of?
Hemoglobin
Why does vitamin E deficiency target red blood cell & nerve cell membranes?
Vitamin E is needed to protect cell membranes
Why do all newborns have low vitamin E levels?
The majority of vitamin E doesnt transfer until the last few weeks of pregnancy
What are some chronic disease associated with oxidative damage?
Macular degeneration
Alzheimers
Cancer
Heart disease
Identify the relationship between Polyunsaturated fats and vitamin E
Since vitamin E gets destroyed by oxygen, metal, light and heat, vitamin E in plant oils gets destroyed in deep-fat frying
Why are newborns at risk for vitamin K deficiency?
When a baby is born, theres no bacteria present in the GI tract to synthesize vitamin K
Deficiencies in which two trace minerals can cause anemia?
Iron & copper
μg
Microgram
What does soil have to do with trace minerals?
Soil content affects the amount of trace minerals in plant foods
What happens to Goitrogens when boiled?
Goitrogen content is reduced cuz some of them leach into the cooking water
Where are Goitrogens a main problem?
African countries where cassava is a dietary staple
Why does vitamin E deficiency target red blood cell & nerve cell membranes?
Vitamin E is needed to protect cell membranes
Why do all newborns have low vitamin E levels?
The majority of vitamin E doesnt transfer until the last few weeks of pregnancy
