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X: HEA 110: Personal Health & Wellness > 7: Considering Your Reproductive Choices > Flashcards

7: Considering Your Reproductive Choices Flashcards

1
Q

a person’s ability to reproduce

A

fertility

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2
Q

methods of preventing conception

A

contraception

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3
Q

fertilization of an ovum by a sperm

A

conception

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4
Q

any method that reduces the likelihood of conception or childbirth

A

birth control

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5
Q

number of pregnancies per 100 users that are likely to occur in the first year if a particular birth control method is used consistently and correctly (the ideal)

A

perfect-use failure rate

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6
Q

number of pregnancies per 100 users that are likely to occur in the first year if a particular birth control method is not always used consistently or correctly (the reality)

A

typical-use failure rate

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7
Q

contraceptive methods that block the meeting of egg and sperm by means of a physical barrier (condom), a chemical barrier (spermicide), or both

A

barrier method

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8
Q

contraceptive methods that introduce synthetic hormones into a woman’s system to prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus, or prevent a fertilized egg from implanting

A

hormonal methods

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9
Q

contraceptive methods in which a device is inserted into the uterus to either introduce synthetic hormones or interfere with sperm movement or egg fertilization

A

intrauterine methods

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10
Q

preventing pregnancy through temporary or permanent abstinence or planning intercourse in accordance with fertility patterns

A

behavioral methods

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11
Q

surgically altering a man or woman’s reproductive system to permanently prevent pregnancy

A

permanent methods

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12
Q

infectious diseases caused by pathogens transmitted through some form of sexual contact

A

sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

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13
Q

a substance that kills sperm

A

spermicide

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14
Q

a single-use sheath of thin latex that or other material designed to fit over an erect penis and to catch semen on ejaculation

A

male condom

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15
Q

a single-use nitrile sheath for internal use during vaginal intercourse to catch semen on ejaculation

A

female condom

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16
Q

a thin film infused with spermicidal gel that is inserted into the vagina so that it covers the cervix

A

vaginal contraceptive film

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17
Q

a cup-shaped latex device that is designed to cover the cervix and block access to the uterus - should always be used with spermicide

A

diaphragm

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18
Q

rare, potentially life-threatening disease that occurs when specific bacterial toxins multiply and spread to the bloodstream, most commonly through improper use of tampons, diaphragms, or cervical caps

A

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

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19
Q

small cup made of silicone that is designed to fit snugly over the entire cervix - should always be used with spermicide

A

cervical cap

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20
Q

contraceptive device containing nonoxynol-9 and made of polyurethane foam that fits over the cervix to create a barrier against sperm

A

contraceptive sponge

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21
Q

pills containing synthetic hormones that prevent ovulation by regulating hormones

A

oral contraceptives

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22
Q

a patch that releases hormones similar to those in oral contraceptives - each patch is worn for 1 week

A

Xulane

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23
Q

a soft, flexible ring inserted into the vagina that releases hormones similar to those in oral contraceptives - each ring is worn for 3 weeks

A

NuvaRing

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24
Q

injectable hormonal methods of birth control that last for 3 months

A

Depo-Provera / Depo-subQ Provera

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25
Q

a plastic capsule implanted in a woman’s upper arm that releases a low dose of progestin to prevent pregnancy

A

Nexplanon (Implanon)

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26
Q

a T-shaped device that is implanted in the uterus to prevent pregnancy

A

intrauterine device (IUD)

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27
Q

a contraceptive method that involves pulling the penis out of the vagina before ejaculation (coitus interruptus)

A

withdrawal

28
Q

a square of latex that is used as a barrier between the mouth and a woman’s genitals to protect from vaginal fluids

A

dental dam

29
Q

several types of birth control that require alteration of sexual behavior rather than chemical or physical intervention in the reproductive process

A

fertility awareness methods (FAMs)

30
Q

drugs taken within 3 to 5 days after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy

A

emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs)

31
Q

permanent fertility control achieved through surgical procedures

A

sterilization

32
Q

sterilization of a woman that involves cutting and tying off or cauterizing the fallopian tubes

A

tubal ligation

33
Q

surgical removal of the uterus

A

hysterectomy

34
Q

male sterilization procedure that involves cutting and tying off the vasa deferentia

A

vasectomy

35
Q

termination of a pregnancy by expulsion or removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus

A

abortion

36
Q

an abortion technique that uses gentle suction to remove fetal tissue from the uterus - AKA vacuum aspiration

A

suction curettage

37
Q

an abortion technique that uses a combination of instruments and vacuum aspiration

A

dilation and evacuation (D&E)

38
Q

a late-term abortion procedure in which the body of the fetus is extracted up to the head and then the contents of the cranium are aspirated

A

intact dilation and extraction (D&X)

39
Q

termination of a pregnancy during the first 9 weeks using hormonal medications that cause the embryo the be expelled from the uterus

A

medical abortion

40
Q

genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome that results in mental disabilities and distinctive physical characteristics

A

Down syndrome

41
Q

medical care received before becoming pregnant that helps a woman assess and address potential health issues

A

preconception care

42
Q

a hormone that is detectable in blood or urine samples of a mother within the first few weeks of pregnancy

A

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

43
Q

one of three 3-months phases of pregnancy

A

trimester

44
Q

the fertilized egg from conception through the eighth week of development

A

embryo

45
Q

the developing human from the ninth week until birth

A

fetus

46
Q

a network of blood vessels connected to the umbilical cord that transports oxygen and nutrients to a developing fetus and carries away fetal wastes

A

placenta

47
Q

causing birth defects - may refer to drugs, environmental chemicals, radiation, or diseases

A

teratogenic

48
Q

a pattern of birth defects, developmental disabilities, and behavioral problems in a child caused by the mother’s alcohol consumption during pregnancy

A

fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

49
Q

a disease caused by an organism found in cat feces that, when contracted by a pregnant woman, may result in stillbirths or birth defects

A

toxoplasmosis

50
Q

a common prenatal test that uses sound waves to create a visual image of a developing fetus

A

ultrasonography (ultrasound)

51
Q

a prenatal test that involves snipping tissue from the fetal sac to be analyzed for genetic defects

A

chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

52
Q

a common maternal blood test that can be used to identify certain birth defects and genetic abnormalities in a fetus

A

triple marker screen (TMS)

53
Q

a medical test in which a small amount of fluid is drawn from the amniotic sac to test for Down syndrome and other genetic abnormalities

A

amniocentesis

54
Q

the protective pouch surrounding the fetus

A

amniotic sac

55
Q

a surgical birthing procedure in which the baby is removed through an incision made in the mother’s abdominal wall and uterus

A

cesarean section (C-section)

56
Q

a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and edema

A

preeclampsia

57
Q

loss of the fetus before it is viable - AKA spontaneous abortion

A

miscarriage

58
Q

a dangerous condition that results from the implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube

A

ectopic pregnancy

59
Q

death of a fetus after the twentieth week of pregnancy but before delivery - “born dead”

A

stillbirth

60
Q

mood disorder experienced by women who have given birth - involves depression, fatigue, and other symptoms and may last for weeks or months

A

postpartum depression

61
Q

the inability to conceive after trying for a year or more

A

infertility

62
Q

a disorder in which the endometrial tissue establishes itself outside the uterus

A

endometriosis

63
Q

inflammation of the female genetic tract that may cause scarring or blockage of the fallopian tubes, resulting in infertility

A

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

64
Q

a sperm count below 20 million per milliliter of semen

A

low sperm count

65
Q

a fertilization procedure in which semen from a partner or donor is deposited into a woman’s uterus via a thin tube

A

alternative insemination

66
Q

fertilization of an egg in a nutrient medium and subsequent transfer back into the mother’s body

A

in vitro fertilization (IVF)

X: HEA 110: Personal Health & Wellness (12 decks)

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