7: Nursing Research and Evidence- Based Care

Question 1

research

Answer 1

a formalized process of systematic investigation designed to test a question or hypothesis and draw conclusions from collected data

Question 2

Nursing research

Answer 2

a systematic inquiry into the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of patient care, such as support and comfort, prevention of trauma, promotion of recovery, health education, health appraisal, and coordination of healthcare

Question 3

Evidence-based practice

Answer 3

an approach to health-care that realizes that pathophysiologic reasoning and personal experience are necessary, but not sufficient, for making decisions

Question 4

Dr. David Sackett

Answer 4

one of the pioneers of evidence-based medicine
Defining it as “the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. The practice of evidence-based medicine means integrating individual clinical expertise with thebest available external evidence from systematic research”

Question 5

Systematic reviews

Answer 5

Reviews that use explicit methods to identify, select, and critically evaluate relevant research in a way to minimize the possibility of bias by using explicit criteria for inclusion

Question 6

Meta-analyses

Answer 6

systematic reviews that combine the results of several studies using qualitative statistics

Question 7

Quantitative research

Answer 7

the systematic collection of numeric information

Question 8

Qualitative research

Answer 8

the systematic collection and analysis of more subjective narrative materials

Question 9

Foreground questions

Answer 9

those that are specific to a particular patient

Question 10

PICO

Answer 10

P—stands for the patient or problem and its delineation
I—signifies the intervention considered
C—denotes comparison if appropriate, or it may be optional
O—represents the outcome of interest or relevant outcomes

Question 11

theory

Answer 11

set of interrelated constructs or propositions that attempts to present or explain some phenomenon systematically

Question 12

problem statement

Answer 12

identifies the direction that a research project will take

Question 13

Variables

Answer 13

operationalized concepts

Question 14

independent variable

Answer 14

assumed to have occurred naturally before or during the study

Question 15

dependent variable

Answer 15

what you believe might be influenced or modified

Question 16

Research design

Answer 16

overall plan for the collection and analysis of the data

Question 17

Anonymity

Answer 17

protection of the subject so that not even the researcher can link the subject to the information provided

Question 18

Confidentiality

Answer 18

that the subjects’ identities will not be linked with the information they provide and will not be publicly divulged

Question 19

A nurse is evaluating the medical center’s approach to mobilizing secretions in patients with tracheotomies. Which would be the benefit to using EBP?
Select all that apply:
a. EBP is evaluated based on outcome studies.
b. Practitioner knowledge and personal experience are insufficient.
c. EBP integrates clinical expertise with external evidence.
d. Hospitals can utilize experts in their facility.
e. Provide cost-saving, quality care

Answer 19

a. EBP is evaluated based on outcome studies.
b. Practitioner knowledge and personal experience are insufficient.
c. EBP integrates clinical expertise with external evidence.
e. Provide cost-saving, quality care

Question 20

Which of the following are ethical and legal issues related to the research process that are evaluated by IRBs?
Select all that apply:
a. Blinded participation
b. Privacy and dignity
c. Balance between benefits and risk
d. Protection from mental and physical suffering

Answer 20

b. Privacy and dignity
c. Balance between benefits and risk
d. Protection from mental and physical suffering

Question 21

Nursing research includes systematic inquiry into which of the following?

a. Clinical practice
b. Education
c. Administration
d. All of the above

Answer 21

d. All of the above

Question 22

Bundling findings to improve care is now a nursing standard in the care of congestive heart failure and has been shown to reduce readmission rates. This is one example of which of the following research aspects?

a. Qualitative and quantitative data collection
b. Disseminating research results
c. Classifying nursing phenomena
d. Translation of research to practice

Answer 22

d. Translation of research to practice

Question 23

A nurse is conducting a research study of postoperative pain medications. What should be done first?

a. Develop a theoretical framework
b. Define a hypothesis
c. Review the literature
d. Gather participants

Answer 23

c. Review the literature

Question 24

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR)

Answer 24

Full-test database containing systematic reviews and protocols (reviews still in progress) of the effects of healthcare interventions

Question 25

hypothesis

Answer 25

Statement that predicts the relationships between

the variables under study

Question 26

literature review

Answer 26

Process of selecting published materials

about the concepts to be examined in a research study

Question 27

method

Answer 27

Procedure a researcher follows to gather and analyze

data

Question 28

networking

Answer 28

System of meeting and establishing contacts with colleagues who share common interests