7) Stress 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Physiological stress reactivity comes from noradrenaline release, from where?

A

The Locus Coeruleus.

It can help enhance memory retrieval/formation

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2
Q

What are some key effects of prenatal stress?

A
  • In the Dutch Hunger Winter:
    The famine saw fouetus’ ‘learn’ that food was scarce= metabolisms permanently changed (metabolic imprinting)
  • Finnish study on birthweight- Lower weight of sample of mean due to early stress exposure increasing their stress reactivity
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3
Q

What did the experimental test of stress, snakes and fMRI scans find?

A

Those with a great fear chose to move away the snake further away. They saw reduced amygdala activity as it moved further away- lowered response linked to ANS calming down

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4
Q

In what , stress study did amygdala activity increase

A

Detecting faces- neutral/fearful with pictures of house = slower to judge the house if a fearful face present (due to attention shift and focusing emotion centre)

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5
Q

What did fMRI meta-analyses find about those with disorders like PTSD, social anxiety, phobias

A

They all have poor emotion regulation. Either showing increased amygdala activity or decreased medial prefrontal cortex.

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6
Q

Provide so points on memory for stressful events

A
  • Info encoded during a stressful event is often well remembered (Flashbulb memory i.e. remember the pool accident with bro)
  • It has adaptive use, as recognizing the stressful event in the future ensures avoidance
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7
Q

Relating to stress at the encoding stage of memory, what did Hencken’s fMRI study of violent/neutral films find

A

Those in violent condition had higher cortisol levels and more constricted pupils&raquo_space; had subsequent better memory of film pictures&raquo_space; better encoding took place

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8
Q

What can the cold pressor test (hand in cold water) help with

A

The stressor (ice cold water) aids memory consolidation.
> Another study by Cahil similarly found this-
stress induced AFTER learning had a positive impact on memory > led to enhanced consolidation of emotional pictures, but not so for neutral pictures

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9
Q

The psychosocial Trier Test involves what and what does it effect

A

P’s asked to given an unexpected talk followed by arithmetic test. Combined feelings of peer evaluation with forced failure.
This stress impairs memory retrieval (task difficulty), due to hippocampus receptors sensitivity

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10
Q

Describe the 2 type of appraisal involved with coping with stress.
Lazarus: ‘cognitive appraisal’- some better than other at coping with stress

A

Primary appraisal- RELEVANCE of situation to own needs
Secondary appraisal- RESOURCES available to cope with event

Appraising dependent on type of conflict:
i.e. approach-approach / avoidance-avoidance conflict

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11
Q

Enjoying stress involved what changes in the brain

A

Cortisol can trigger dopamine release in pleasure pathway - leads to pleasurable experience

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