Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Foundations 3 > The Forearm, Wrist, Hand dislocation and fractures > Flashcards

The Forearm, Wrist, Hand dislocation and fractures Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of Unstable Forearm fractures

A
  1. Both bone forearm fracture
  2. Galiazzi fracture
  3. Monteggia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

slide 8

A

slide 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

slide 8

A

slide 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

slide 8

A

slide 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a Colle’s Fracture of the Distal radius

What is the MOI

A

MOST COMMON

Distal radius fracture fragment is tilted dorsally

Falling on outstretched hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a Smith’s fracture of the distal radius

What is the MOI

A

Distal radius fracture fragment is tilted ventrally

Falling on wrist while flexed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which view on x-ray is best used to diagnose a Collie’s or Smith’s fracture?

A

Lateral view- shows angulation of the radius if it is titled dorsally (Collie’s) or Ventrally (Smith’s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a Barton’s fracture

A

Intra-articular fracture associated with dislocation of the carpus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is a Colle’s Fracture reduced

A

slide 15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who is a Radial Torus “Buckle” Fracture MC in?

How is it caused and what part of the bone is involved

A

MC in children less than 10

Buckling of cortex due to compression failure

Children have more stable bones that wont break on a FOOSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a Greenstick fracture

How does it appear on x-ray

A

Complete fracture of the tension side of the cortex with buckling of the compression side.

On x-ray complete disruption on one side with buckle on opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is a Radial Torus “Buckle” Fracture treated?

A

Immobilization x 4-6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

MC fractured carpal bone

A

Scaphoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the MOI for Scaphoid Fracture?

A

FOOSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the clinical findings of a Scaphoid Fracture

A

Snuffbox pain and tenderness to palpation

ROM limitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Limited blood supply during a scaphoid fracture can cause what complications

A

Limited blood supply leads to high incidence of nonunion (of the bones again) and osteonecrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a initial treatment for scaphoid fractures?

What if clinical exam is indicative of fracture but x-rays are negative?

A

Long-arm thumb spica cast x 6-12 weeks

If x-rays are neg. , cast and repeat x-rays in 10-14 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If a follow up x-ray for a scaphoid fracture is still negative after 10-14 days what should be done?

A

Still treat the patient as if it is a scaphoid fracture

ORDER MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How are displaced transverse and oblique fractures charactised?

A

The tend to angulate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What tendency do spiral fractures have?

A

The tend to rotate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

MC fracture of the hand?

A

Boxer’s fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the MOI of a Boxer’s fracture and which bone does it involve?

A

Results from closed fist striking an object

Distal metaphysis of 5th metacarpal

23
Q

When would you manage a boxer’s fracture with just an Ulnar gutter?

A

tranvserve/oblique fracture at the base or head and is less than 15 degrees

24
Q

When would you refer to surgery of a Boxer’s fracture?

A

Intra-articular
> 15 degrees angulation
Comminuted
Spiral

25
Q

What is a DeQervain’s tenosynovitis?

A

Inflammation of the sheath that surrounds the abductor pollicus longus and extensor pollicus brevis tendons

26
Q

How do patients with DeQervain’s tenosynovitis present?

A

They will have pain and tenderness in the first dorsal extensor compartment (anatomic snuffbox)

Aggravated by attempts to move thumb or make a fist

27
Q

What test can be used to diagnose DeQervain’s tenosynovitis?

What would a positive test show?

A

Finklestein Test

Positive if pain with passive stretching of the tendons

28
Q

How is DeQervain’s tenosynovitis managed?

A

NSAIDs
Thumb spica splint
Avoid offending activity
Steroid injection

29
Q

What is a Ulnar Collateral Ligament Sprain also known as?

Where is the sprain located?

A

Skiier’s thumb or Gamekeeper’s thumb

UCL injury at 1st MCP joint

30
Q

How do you test stability of a UCL sprain?

A

Pain but no laxity indicates mild sprain

Pain and partial laxity indicates moderate sprain

Pain and significant laxity indicates complete tear

31
Q

How is a UCL sprain managed?

When is surgery needed?

A

Brace: mild to moderate sprain

Surgical consult: complete tear or avulsion fracture involving >25% of the articular surface

32
Q

MOI of a Mallet Finger?

A

MC due to traumatic injury to the tip of a fully extended finger

33
Q

How does a Mallet finger present?

A

Pain and inability to extend at the DIP

34
Q

How is a Mallet finger treated? What is imperative for full recovery?

A

Continuous splinting for 6-8 weeks

If extension is lost at any point, healing is disrupted and the clock starts again

35
Q

When is surgery needed to treat Mallet finger?

A

Failure with conservative care
Complete tendon laceration
Fracture involving >30% of the articular surface

36
Q

what are the two flexor tendons that supply the fingers?

A

FDP – Flexor digitorum profundus

FDS – Flexor digitorum superficialis

37
Q

What is the MOI of a Flexor Tendon injury “Jersey Finger”

A

Spontaneous (RA) or Traumatic (forced extension of actively flexed finger)

38
Q

Which tendon and finger is MC involved in a Flexor Tendon injury?

A

MC flexor digitorum profundus

4th (ring) finger affected most commonly 75%

39
Q

Symptoms of a Flexor Tendon Injury?

A

Pain and swelling at palmar aspect of DIP

Proximal fullness if tendon retracted

Affected finger more extended at DIP when hand at rest

Inability to flex at affected DIP joint

40
Q

What imaging is needed for a Jersey Finger?

What is the best management?

A

Splint finger in presenting position

Hand surgeon referral
Best recovery if repaired within 7-10 days of injury

41
Q

What is a Trigger Finger injury?

Where is it most common at?

A

Nodular thickening of the flexor tendon

MC at the MP join

42
Q

How is Trigger finger injury treated?

A

Steroid injections x2

43
Q

What is Dupuytren’s Contracture also called and why?

A

“Viking disease”

Due to being most common in Men > 50, northern European descent

44
Q

What is the Dupuytren’s Contracture involve?

Which finger is mostly involved?

A

Nodular thickening and contraction of palmar fascia
Flexion of finger at MCP then PIP

MC ring finger

45
Q

How do treat Dupuytren’s Contracture

A

Xiaflex injection

  • Breaks down collagen adhesion
  • Injected into contracted cord
  • Manipulation the following day
46
Q

What are synonyms of Ganglia of Wrist and Hand

A

Synovial Cyst

Mucous cyst

47
Q

How are synovial cysts or ganglia presented?

A

Cystic swelling overlying a joint or tendon sheath

48
Q

What are common locations of cysts in the wrist or hand

A

Dorsum of the wrist

Volar radial aspect of wrist

49
Q

If typical i presentation how do you treat ganglia of the wrist or hand?

What are other treatments for severe or reoccuring cysts?

A

reassurance

Needle aspiration
Sugery

50
Q

Which joints are involved in Osteoarthritis of the hands?

How does this present

A

DIP and PIP joints are most often involved

Stiffness and loss of motion in the fingers

51
Q

Herbendens vs Bouchards nodes

A

Heberden nodes = nodules at the DIPs

Bouchard nodes = bony nodules at the PIPs

52
Q

What is the MOI for a Subungual Hematoma

A

Hammering nail into the finger

Dropping weight on foot

53
Q

Treatment for a Sunungual Hematoma

A

If traumatic –> Get an X-ray

Followed by decompression

Foundations 3 (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions