Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuromuscular Section > Types Of Motor Learning Approaches > Flashcards

Types Of Motor Learning Approaches Flashcards

1
Q

Carr and Shepard motor relearning approach targets what?

A

Targets normal movement and how it is relearned after neurological insult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Carr and Shepard believed what?

A

That factors that are involved with learning are also involved with releasing and should include:

  • identification of a goal
  • inhibition of any unnecessary activity that does not relate to normal movement
  • the ability to adjust during activity to the effects of gravity and balance
  • proper body alignment
  • proper motivation
  • incorporate internal or mental practice as well as external or physical practice
  • feedback
  • KR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe Carr and Shephard’s approach in a clinical setting.

A
  • PT observation of the pt during examination in order to identify the variations in normal movement
  • through critical assessment the PT identifies components of movement that are missing or abnormal and the corresponding interventions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Closed motor skill

A

Skill that is performed under a stable and unchanging environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

KR in Carr and Shepard

A
  • Providing the pt with external FB regarding a pt’s performance of a task
  • include observations as well as objective data and can be positive or negative in nature with the goal of influencing the learner
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Open motor skill

A

Skill that is permed under a consistently changing environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Transfer of learning

A

An action cannot be separated from the environment that it is performed in.

Patient must be able to transfer the skill or motor task into different environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who developed the neuromuscular developmental treatment (NDT) concept

A

Bobaths’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the NDT concept ?

A
  • Pt should learn to control movement through activities that promote normal movement patterns that integrate function
  • based on a hierarchical model of neurophysiological function
  • recognizes the interference of normal function within the brain caused by CNS dysfunction leads to a slowing down or cessation of motor development and inhibition of righting reactions, equilibrium reactions and automatic movements.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What new assumptions have been incorporated into NDT?

A
  • Postural control can be learned and modified through experience
  • Postural control uses both FB and feed-forward mechanisms for execution of tasks
  • Postural control is initiated from a pt’s BOS
  • Postural control is required for skill development
  • Postural control develops by assuming progressive positions in which there is an increase in the distance b/t the COG and BOS; BOS should decrease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Facilitation

A

A technique utilized to elicit I voluntary muscular contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Inhibition

A

A technique utilized to decrease excessive tone or movment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Key points of control

A

Specific handling of designated areas of the body (shoulder, pelvis, hand and foot) will influence and facilitate posture, alignment and control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Placing

A

The act of moving an extremity into a position that the pt must hold against gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Reflex inhibiting posture

A

Designated static positions that bob that found to inhibit abnormal tonal influences and reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the Brunnstrom Concept of therapy in hemiplegia

A
  • was believed to immediately practice synergy patterns and subsequently develop combinations of movement patterns outside of the Synergy
  • Research has indicated that reinforced synergy patterns are very difficult to change (so this is rarely utilized today)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Brunnstorm’s 7 Stages of Recovery

A

Stage 1: no volitional movement initiated (Flaccidity)
Stage 2: the appearance of basic limb synergies. Spasticity begins
Stage 3: Synergies are performed voluntarily; Spasticity increases
Stage 4: Spasticity begins to decrease. Movement patterns are not dictated solely by limb synergies
Stage 5: Further decrease in spasticity is noted w/independence from Limb synergy patterns
Stage 6: Isolated joint movements are performed with coordination
Stage 7: normal motor function is restored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Associated reaction

A

Involuntary and automatic movment of a body part as ra euslt of an intestinal active or resistive movment in another body part

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Homolateral synkinessis

A

A flexion pattern of the involved upper extremity facilitates flexion of the involved lower extremity

20
Q

Limb synergies

A

A group of muscles that produce a predictable pattern of movement in flexion or extension

21
Q

Raimiste’s phenomenon

A

Involved LE will abduct or adduct with applied resistance to the uninvolved LE in the same direction

22
Q

Souques’ phenomenon

A

Raising the involved UE above 100 degrees with elbow extension will produce Extension and abduction of the fingers

23
Q

Stages of recovery

A

Brunnstorm separates neurological recovery into seven separate stages based on progression through abnormal tone and spasticity. These 7 stages of recovery describe tone, reflex activity, and volitional movement

24
Q

Who developed proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)?

A
  • original goal of Tx was to establish gross motor patterns within the CNS
  • based on the premise that stronger parts of the body are utilized to simulate and strengthen the weaker parts
  • places great emphasis on manual constant and correct handling
  • movement patterns follow Diagnosis or spirals that each posses a flexion, Extension and Rotator component and are directed toward or away from midline
25
Q

Chopping

A

Combination of bilateral UE asymmetrical patterns performed as a closed-chain activity

26
Q

Developmental sequence

A
  • Progression of motor skill acquisition

- stages of motor control include: mobility, stability, controlled mobility and skill

27
Q

Mass movement patterns

A

The hip, knee, and ankle move into flexion or extension simultaneously

28
Q

Overflow

A

Muscle activation fo an involved extremity due to intense action of an uninvolved muscle or group of muscles

29
Q

D1 UE flexion pattern

A 
Scapula: Elevation, Abduction, Upward Rotation
Shoulder: Flexion, Adduction, ER
Elbow: flexion or extension
Radioulnar: Supination
Wrist: Flexion, Radial Deviation
Thumb: Adduction
30
Q

D1 UE Extension Pattern

A 
Scapula: Depression, adduction, Downward Rotation 
Shoulder: Extension, abduction, IR
Elbow: flexion or extension
Radioulnar: Pronation
Wrist: Extension, Ulnar deviation
Thumb: Abduction
31
Q

D2 UE Flexion pattern

A 
Scapula: Elevation, Adduction, Upward Rotation
Shoulder: Flexion, Abduction, Er
Elbow: Flexion or extension
Radioulnar: Supination
Wrist: Extension, radial deviation
Thumb: Extension
32
Q

D2 UE Extension Pattern

A 
Scapula: Depression, Abduction, Downward rotation
Shoulder: Extension, Adduction, IR
Elbow: Flexion or extension
Radioulnar: Pronation
Wrist: Flexion, ulnar deviation
Thumb: Opposition
33
Q

D1 LE Flexion Pattern

A

Pelvis: Protraction
Hip: flexion, adduction, ER
Knee: Flexion and extension
Ankle and toes: Dorsiflexion, inversion

34
Q

D1 LE Extension Pattern

A

Pelvis: Retraction
Hip: Extension, Abduction, IR
Knee: flexion or extension
Ankle and toes: Plantar Flexion and eversion

35
Q

D2 LE Extensor Synergy

A

Pelvis: Elevation
Hip: Flexion, Abduction, IR
Knee: Flexion or extension
Ankle and Toes: Dorsiflexion and Eversion

36
Q

D2 LE Extensors Synergy

A

Pelvis: depression
Hip: Extension, adduction, ER
Knee: Flexion or extension
Ankle and Toes: Plantar flexion and inversion

37
Q

Mobility

A

Ability to initiate movment though a functional range of motion

38
Q

Stability

A

Ability to maintain a position or posture through cocontraction and tonic holding around a joint

Example: Unsupported siting with midline control

39
Q

Controlled Moblitiy

A

ability to move within a WB position or rotate around a long axis.

Example: Activities in prone on elbows or WS in quadruped

40
Q

Skill

A
  • Ability to consistently perform functional tasks and manipulate the environment with normal Postural reflex mechanism and balance reactions
  • Skill activities included ADLS and community locomotion
41
Q

What is the Rood theory?

A
  • Based of Sherrington and the reflex stimulus model
  • all motor output was the result of both parts and present sensory input
  • Tx based on sensorimotor learning
42
Q

What is the goal of the Rood approach?

A

-obtain homeostasis in motor output and auto activate muscles to perform a task independently of a stimulus

43
Q

What are facilitation sensory stimulation techniques?

A
  1. Approximation
  2. Joint compression
  3. Icing
  4. Light touch
  5. Quick stretch
  6. Resistance
  7. Tapping
  8. Traction
44
Q

What are inhibition sensory stimulation techniques (rood)?

A
  • deep pressure
  • prolonged stretch
  • warmth
  • prolonged cold
45
Q

Heavy work

A

A method used to develop stability by performing an activity (work) against gravity or resistance

Heavy work focuses on the strengthening of Postural muscles

46
Q

Light work

A
  • method used to develop controlled movement and skilled function b performing an activity (work) without resistance
  • light work focuses on extremities
47
Q

Key patterns

A

A developmental sequence designed by Rood that directs patient’s mobility recovery form synergy patterns through controlled motion

Neuromuscular Section (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions