Chapter 10: Overload and Underload (PP ch 13)

Question 1

Stress Types (2)
Stress Characteristics (2)

Answer 1

Eustress = cope, learn, adapt
Distress = out of control
Subjectif and cumulatif

Question 2

Stressors Types (5)

Answer 2

Environmental
Life (not work)
Organisational (work)
Reactive
Anxiety

Question 3

Environmental Stressors (6)
What does environmental stressor do to body?

Answer 3

Homeostastis strained / nullified bc. of Env. stressors

Internal: hungry, fatigue
External: Temperature (hypothermia & hyperthermia)
Vibrations
Noise
Humidity
Glare

Question 4

Hypothermia Stages (2) and few symptoms
Hyperthermia Stages (2) and few symptoms

Answer 4

< 35C: shiver, vasoconstriction, pale, aparthy, frostbite
< 32C: stop shiver, unconscious, death
> 38C: heat exertion, dehydration
> 40C: heat stroke, nausea, fatigue, brain swelling

Question 5

Vibration Stressor Ranges (5) and few symptoms

Answer 5

1 - 4 Hz: breathing, neck pain
4 - 10: chest, abdominal pain
8 - 12: back ache
10 - 20: headache, eye strain, speech difficulties
30 - 40: visual acuity

Question 6

Humidity
Ideal Humidity, AC Humidity
Help with Humidity
Body Adaptation Time for Hot/Humid Climate

Answer 6

Ideal = 40 - 60%
AC = 10 - 20% as low as 3%
use aqueous creams
2 weeks

Question 7

Biggest Reason for Life / Organisational Stressor

What is Reactive Stressor

Answer 7

Life = death of spouse
Reactive = can’t cope with task
i.e. running out of time, task too great
Organisational: lack of hands on flying

Question 8

Arousal
What is? What NS? Effects of acute stress on body (7)
What call 3 stages of acute stress

Answer 8

Body response to stress
Sympathetic
Effects: HR, breathing, blood sugar, sweating, slow digestion, strength+, senses+
Selye’s general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Question 9

GAS

What is? Stages (3) + Chemicals Released Stage 1 + 2

Answer 9

Selye’s general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Stage 1: alarm
adrenaline (epinephrine), corticosteroids (release sugar)

Stage 2: resistance
if pb dealt -> remove waste product
if not -> cortisone (painkiller)

Stage 3: Exhaustion
strain on body, hearing -, long term damage if sustained

Question 10

GAS
Reactions Type (3)

Answer 10

Psychological
Psychosomatic ( hormones, chemicals)
Somatic

Question 11

Stress Curve

Shape? Parts Curve (3)? Particular Point on Curve?

Answer 11

Parabolic shape
Under aroused = sub obtimal
Moderate = optimal
Over aroused = stress zone
Break point = small tasks become hard

Question 12

Overload

Psychological (12), Emotional (4), Physical (5) Symptoms

Answer 12

Psy: errors, prioritize-, confirmation bias, approx, tunneling, filtering, regression, escape, concentration, decision making, fast execution

Emotional: anxious, nervous, teary, depressed

Phy: digestion, strokes, heart attack, dry mouth, tense muscles

Question 13

Underload

Symptoms (5)

Answer 13

Bored, sleepy, situational awareness, performance, complacency

Question 14

Stress Coping

Approaches (3)

Answer 14

Direction action: remove stressor, remove yourself
Cognitive coping: rationalize
Symptom directed coping: treat symptoms

Question 15

Stress Management

Ways of Minimizing Stress (3)

Answer 15

Preventive: keep stress mini
Curative: reduce effect of existing stress

Sports, relaxation techniques, counseling

Question 16

Cockpit Stress

Techniques (5)

Answer 16

SOP
Briefings
Communication
CRM
Decision making strategy