Chapter 37 pre-op

Question 1

What is pre-op nursing?

Answer 1

the care nurses provide for patients before, during, and after surgery

Question 2

What is the first phase of surgery called?

Answer 2

pre-operative phase ( this phase may last for months) begins when pt decides to get surgery

Question 3

What is the second phase of surgery called?

Answer 3

intraoperative phase ( begins when pt enters operating room)

Question 4

What is the third phase of surgery called?

Answer 4

postoperative phase ( begins when patient is admitted to the PACU and ends when pt has completely recovered from the surgical procedure)

Question 5

What is a circulating nurse?

Answer 5

the patient’s advocate and a liaison between scrubbed personnel an the surgical team

Question 6

What is elective surgery?

Answer 6

a procedure that is performed to improve the patient’s quality of life.

Question 7

What is urgent surgery?

Answer 7

performed when patient’s health condition is not immediately life-threatening. ( surgery is required within 24 hours of diagnosis to avoid complications)

Question 8

What is emergency surgery?

Answer 8

procedure that is unanticipated and is performed immediately to preserve the life of the patient, a body part, or body function.

Question 9

What is minor surgery?

Answer 9

surgical alteration of the body is minimal and there is a low risk to the life of the patient

Question 10

What is major surgery?

Answer 10

Higher risk to the life of the patient and surgery involves reconstruction or alteration of a body part.

Question 11

What is malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 11

rare, hereditary, and life-threatening condition that usually occurs when inhaled general anesthetics or neuromuscular blocking agent is administered.

Question 12

What is a laryngospasm?

Answer 12

causes the laryngeal muscle to suddenly contract, blocking air inflow ( lasts less than 1 min)

Question 13

What is moderate sedation?

Answer 13

conscious sedation, induces an altered stated of consciousness providing a moderate to deep level of sedation

Question 14

What is general anesthesia?

Answer 14

causes the CNS depression and puts the patient in a drug-induced coma.

Question 15

What is regional anesthesia?

Answer 15

disrupts the transmission of the nerve impulses to a specific area of the body

Question 16

What is a bier block?

Answer 16

injection of anesthetic agents into the venous circulation of an extremity. (help manage chronic pain)

Question 17

What is an epidural anesthesia?

Answer 17

injected in the lumbar or thoracic region

Question 18

What is a spinal anesthesia?

Answer 18

injected into the subarachnoid region

Question 19

What is local and topical anesthesia?

Answer 19

local -SubQ to specific area

topical- decreases discomfort

Question 20

What is a scrub nurse?

Answer 20

prepares and maintains the sterile field.

Question 21

What is the one thing that needs to be signed before any surgery is performed?

Answer 21

informed consent- document gives legal authorization for the surgical procedure ( protects patients from unauthorized procedures)

Question 22

What is an airway obstruction?

Answer 22

a life-threatening emergency that produces reduced airflow. common post -op complication

Question 23

What is hemorrhage?

Answer 23

large amount of bleeding

Question 24

What is shock?

Answer 24

circulatory system fails to maintain adequate perfusion to the vital orgams

Question 25

What is thrombophlebitis?

Answer 25

inflammation of a vein with the formation of a thrombus . DVT

Question 26

What is pulmonary embolism?

Answer 26

blood clot that detaches and lodges in the pulmonary artery

Question 27

What is pneumonia?

Answer 27

inflammation of the lungs

Question 28

What is atelectasis?

Answer 28

collapse of all or part of the lung. its caused by pressure on the outside of the lung or a blockage of the air passage