TB: Antimycobacterial Agents Flashcards
- Aerobic, non-spore forming, non-motile bacillus
- Slow growing, acid fast
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis)
S/S of TB
night sweats
prolonged cough
fever
loss of appetite
Person to person through the ____.
_____ can get into alveoli and replicate.
Produced by cough, _____, sings, or speaks.
(make sure to cover mouth/wear mask)
- air
- droplets
- sneezing
can’t spread through clothing, drinking glass, silverware, handshakes, or surfaces*
Testing for TB can include what ways?
PPD (takes 48 hours)
Chest x-ray
Blood test (24-48hrs)
Sputum culture
What provides definitive diagnosis that takes 2-6 weeks long?
Sputum CULTURE
Who is tested for TB?
HIGH RISK patients DM CKD Leukemia Recent Infection
____ can give a false positive for PPD
BCG
Treatment Goals
- cure patient
- prevent transmission to others
- use 2 or more active drugs (to reduce resistance)
- increase changes of successful treatment
- administration in presence of an observer
- continuous evaluation of response and ADR
DOT
directly observed therapy
- 2-3 times/week dosing
OR - larger doses but less frequently
effective as daily dosing
Intermittent Dosing
Latent TB treatment:
Standard –> ______ daily for __ months (self-administered)
OR
_____ and _____ once weekly for _____ months (DOT need to go to clinic)
Standard :
- Isoniazid daily for 9 months
OR
- Isoniazid and Rifapentine; weekly 3 months
Active TB Treatment:
________ and _________ phase
Induction and Continuation phases
- eliminate actively dividing extracellular tubercle bacilli
- Rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethabutol for 2 months
Induction Phase (initial trx)
- eliminate intracellular “persisters” (bacilli still there)
- Rifampin + Isoniazid x 4.5 months (18 weeks)
- May last longer
Continuation phase
If after the _____ phase the patient is still (+) for TB, the ______ phase will last longer!
induction; continuation
