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Mining > Day 1 Mining methods and Blasting > Flashcards

Day 1 Mining methods and Blasting Flashcards

1
Q

What class of UG Mining method is Sublevel Stoping

A

Unsupported

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2
Q

Ore and Rock Strength for Unsipported Methods

A

Strong to Moderate

Competent wall rock

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3
Q

Ore and Rock Strength for Supported

A

Moderate to Weak

Incompetent

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4
Q

Mechanical Surface Mining Ore and Rock Strength

A

Any Ore strength

Consolidated

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5
Q

Shrinkage Stoping UG Mining Class

A

Unsupported

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6
Q

2 Supergene ore Secondary sulfide ore in Copper deposits

A

Chalcocite

Covellite

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7
Q

3 Hypogene/Primary Supergene ore

A

Pyrite
Chalcopyrite
Bornite

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8
Q

These 2 alteration zones compose most of Porphyry copper deposits

A

Potassic

Phyllic

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9
Q

Alteration zone w/ Cu-Base metal

Veins and stockworks are found

A

Phyllic
Argillic
Propylitic

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10
Q

Alteration zone where Au-Ag veins are found

A

Argillic

Propylitic

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11
Q

This is found above the water table in Massive copper deposit

A

Zone of Oxidation

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12
Q

Found inZone of oxidation

A 
Leached zone (FeO, Qtz)
Oxidized ore (Malach, Azu, Cup, Chrysocolla)
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13
Q

Highest concentration of Magnesium in Nickeliferous laterites

A

Bottom Saprolite

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14
Q

Highest concentration of of Cr in Ni Laterite

A

Limonite

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15
Q

Highest conc of Cobalt in Ni Laterite

A

Limonite

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16
Q

L:arge scale Breccia formed from Obduction

A

Melange

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17
Q

Zone of seismicity in a subducting slab

A

Wadati-Benioff Zone

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18
Q

Where crust accretes

A

Divergent boundary

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19
Q

Cordillera Mountain range is formed by this tectonic event

A

Oceanic crust subducting under continental crust

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20
Q

Composition and pH of magma from subducting plate

A

Calc-alkaline

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21
Q

Tectonic setting of SEDEX Pb-Zn deposits

A

Continental Side of

Back-Arc Basin

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22
Q

SEDEX deposit is most commonly hosted in

A

Black Shale

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23
Q

SEDEX deposit in Australia

A

Mt. Isa

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24
Q

Term when blasting breaks beyond the limit planned

A

Overbreak

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25
Q

Opposite of Final Pit slope

A

Working Pit slope

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26
Q

Another name for waste stockpile

A

Spoil Bank

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27
Q

Continuous Excavator for Dredging

A

Bucketwheel

Bucketline

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28
Q

An incline is what type of development

A

Primary

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29
Q

Intersection of passageway and the surface

A

Portal

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30
Q

Other term for Hydraulic roof support

A

Chock

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31
Q

Prosopecting: Stage I and II

A

1st Regional Appraisal

2nd Detailed Recon

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32
Q

Explo : Stage III and IV

A

3rd - Detailed Surface appraisal

4th - 3D Sampling and prelim eval

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33
Q

Titanium is used in

A

Jet Engines

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34
Q

Metal used in Car batteries

A

Lead

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35
Q

“Due Diligence” entails this

A

Literature and technical reports review]

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36
Q

Crust where Philippines is on

A

Philippine Mobile Belt

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37
Q

Common minerals in potassic zone

A

Quartz
K-felds
Biotite

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38
Q

Sulfide Zonation comprises of

A

Bornite rich core
Chalcopyrite rich zone
Pyrite rich outer zone

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39
Q

Common minerals in Argillic

A

Kaolinite

Smectite

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40
Q

Common minerals in Advanced Argillic

A 
Qtz
Kaolinite
Alunite
Pyrophillite
Dickite
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41
Q

Common minerals in Phyllic zone

A

Quartz

Sericite

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42
Q

Primary Nickel Deposits are formed this way

A

Magmatic Segregations

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43
Q

Primary Ni is found in this mineral

A

Dunite and Chromite

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44
Q

Quickest and cheapest form of geophysics

A

Magnetic Survey

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45
Q

Used for detection of faults and intrusions

A

Gravity survey

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46
Q

Resistivity is ideal for

A

Base metal sulfides survey

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47
Q

Resistivity is controlled by what property of the rock

A

Rock porosity

Salinity of pore waters

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48
Q

Diff of Prospecting and Explo wrt locale

A

Prosp - airborne

Explo -Subsurface

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49
Q

Diff of Prosp and explo wrt to Physical samples

A

Prosp- Indirect

Explo - Direct

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50
Q

What are Marginal Reserves

A

Nearly economic with demonstrated geologic data

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51
Q

Probable =
Possible =
Proven =

A

Indicated
Inferred
Measured

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52
Q

This is when prelim flow sheet for processing and estimated recovery is determined

A

Metallurgical testing

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53
Q

“Mathematical application of random function in delineating ore deposits”

A

Geostatistics

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54
Q

Used as “Fuel Oil” in ANFO

A

Diesel or Used oil

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55
Q

Purpose of Deck Loading

A

Reduces Explosive used and Vibration`

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56
Q

Indication of misfires

A

Undetonated explosives or detonating cord

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57
Q

First step in dealing with misfire

A

Make an exclusion zone for personnel

58
Q

How to deal with misfire

A

Re prime then detonate

59
Q

Who made Sequential Excavation Method

A

New Austrian Tunneling Method (dewatering and grouting and other support methods)

60
Q

Purpose of Delay initiation sequences

A

To create progressive free faces ea detonation
to imrpoved fragmentation
Reduce vibration

61
Q

Blasting w/c displaces overburden

A

Overburden Blast SideCasting

62
Q

Drilling method in Tunnel blasting to break more rock to the free face

A

Wedge Cut, V-cut, fan cut

Parallel Holes surrounded yempty holes

63
Q

Drilling method in Sublevel Stoping

A

Longhole Drilling

64
Q

2 types of Long Hole drilling

A

Parallel hole drilling

Ring Hole drilling

65
Q

Lightly loaded holes fired before primary blast

A

Pre-Splitting

66
Q

Perimeter blasting fired after production blast

A

Cushion or Trim Blasting

67
Q

Closely spaced uncharged holes for controlled blasting

A

Line Drilling

68
Q

Controlled blasting technique fired concurrently with production blasting

A

Smooth blasting

69
Q

2 other names for Smooth blasting

A

Contour blasting

Perimeter blasting

70
Q

Controlled blasting technique used to prevent flyrock by covering blast hole

A

Muffle blast

71
Q

Purpose of in-hole delay blasting

A

improved fragmentation

72
Q

Purpose of Signature-hole blast analysis

A

To find out the destructive interference of a geology when subjected to delay blasting

73
Q

3 basic drill patterns

A

Square
Rectangular
Staggered

74
Q

Exploration drilling which is faster than coring drills and provides chip samples

A

Center Sample Recovery (use of air to prevent contamination

75
Q

What is a burn cut

A

Using parallel cut with very strong charge to burn rock

76
Q

What is a fan cut

A

Number of v cuts arranged to create a trench oin free face

77
Q

Initiating system w/c is insensitive to electrical hazards

A

NONEL

78
Q

Explosive that does not create much fumes

A

Emulsion explosives

79
Q

Pressured vessel device for charging ANFO

A

ANOL

80
Q

Is Ammonia water soluble

A

Yup

81
Q

Describe NO2

A

Toxic
Dense
Reddish-Brown
Water soluble

82
Q

Describe NO

A

Colorless

Toxic

83
Q

Whys is Raise Boring useful

A

Does not need blasting, just drilling

84
Q

Mechanical raise excavation

A

Alimak method

85
Q

Use of Cable bolt

A

To secure large volumes of rock

86
Q

Disadvantage of Cemen-Grouted Bolts

A

Long curing time

87
Q

Advantage of Resin-grouted bolts

A

Short curing time

88
Q

Mechanically anchored bolts works by

A

Wedging or expanding at bottom of hole to provide temprary support

89
Q

Bolting for short term support

A

Friction type bolts

90
Q

Difference of Robolt and Cabolt

A

Cabolt can do grouting

91
Q

“Penetration rate of drill bit into rock”

A

Rock Drillability

92
Q

Tensile strength of jointed rock

A

Zero

93
Q

Drilling method for very hard rock

A

Percussion

Thermal jet

94
Q

Drilling method for soft rock

A

Hydraulic jet
Rotary drag bit
Rotary roller bit

95
Q

High velocity, exothermic reaction accompanied by liberation of vast amounts of energy

A

Detonation

96
Q

Agent, compound, or mixture that undergoes very rapid decompostion when initiated by heat, friction, impact, or shock

A

Explosive

97
Q

Counterpart of “Detonation” but for low explosives

A

Deflagration

98
Q

Point at which an explosive mixture has suff oxygen to completely oxidized all contained fuels
but no excess oxygen to react with nitrogen

A

Zero Oxygen Balance

99
Q

Oxygen balance for ANFO

A
  1. 5 % AN

5. 5% FO

100
Q

Typical field mixture of ANFO

A

94%

6%

101
Q

Causes release of toxic fumes

A

Fuel insufficiency

102
Q

Strongest Non gelatin explosive

A

Nitroglycerin

103
Q

Weakest non gelatin explosive

A

Low-density Ammonia dynamite

104
Q

Strongest gelatin explosive

A

Blasting gelatin

105
Q

Weakest gelatin explosive

A

Semigelatin

106
Q

Give 2 high explosives

A

Nitroglycerin

Dynamite

107
Q

2 Blasting agents

A

ANFO

Slurry

108
Q

Give 4 common fuels

A

Fuel oil
Carbon
Aluminum
TNT

109
Q

3 common oxidizers

A

AN
Sodium Nitrate
Calcium Carbonate

110
Q

Replace ANFO for water resistance

A

Slurries like water gels and emulsions

111
Q

Best water resistance

A

NG gelatin dynamites

112
Q

Pressure exerted on borehole walls from products of detonation

A

Borehole (explosion) pressure

113
Q

Give explosive its shattering action in breaking rock

A

Detonation pressure

114
Q

What is a primer

A

In-hole detonator + explosive

115
Q

Explosive contained in a detonating cord

A

PETN

116
Q

What is a blasting cap

A

In hole detonator that directly detonates explosive

117
Q

3 types of loading

A
  1. Manual loading
  2. Pneumatic loading
  3. Bulk truck loading
118
Q

Most common manual loading method

A

Explosive cartridges

Tamping rod

119
Q

Top and bottom priming, which is better

A

Bottom allows better transfer of energy

120
Q

Diff of column and bottom charge

A

Column extends from bottom to 0.7-1 times the burden

121
Q

Best kind of stemming

A

Coarse angular crushed rock

122
Q

2 ways to control air blast

A

Avoid unconfined explosive

Adequate stemming

123
Q

Diff of Indicator and Pathfinder element

A

Indicator - element found in the body

Pathfiner - assoc with body but widely dispersed

124
Q

Indicator for Skarn deposits

A

Cu-Mo-Zn

125
Q

Indicator for precious metal veins

A

Au-Ag

126
Q

Indicator for Porphyry copper

A

Cu-Mo

127
Q

Pathfinder for Skarn

A

Magnetite

Boron

128
Q

Pathfinder for Sulfides

A

Pyrite

129
Q

Pathfinder for Gold veins

A

Quartz

130
Q

Pathfinder for Platinum

A

Chromite

131
Q

Raising and dropping of bit in hole

Has hollow casing to contain sample

A

Churn Drilling

132
Q

Wash Boring

A

Driving a hollow drill

Taking it then washing it

133
Q

Channel sampling is done by

A

Cutting channels along veins in predetermined distance

134
Q

Positive Ore reserve entials

A

Ore Samplied on 4 sides of orebody

135
Q

Probable Ore reserve

A

Ore sampled on 2-3 dies

136
Q

Proved Ore Reserved

A

Continuity of Ore body is known completely

137
Q

Prospective Ore

A

Continuity and Tonnage not known

138
Q

3D model for Disseminated deposits

A

Block model

139
Q

3D model for Bedded deposit

A

Gridded Model

140
Q

3D model for Complex folded and faulted deposits

A

Cross-sectional model

Mining (14 decks)

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