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MSK > Foot Problems > Flashcards

Foot Problems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most common problems of the foot and ankle?

A

Hallux valgus (Bunions)

Plantar fasciitis

Achilles Tendinosis

Morton’s neuroma

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2
Q

What is the aetiology fo hallux valgus?

A

Genetic

Footwear problems

Mostly occurs in females

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3
Q

What are the symptoms of hallux valgus?

A

Pressure symptoms from shoe wear

Pain from crossing over of toes

Metatarsalgia

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4
Q

What is hallux valgus?

A

Lateral angulation of the great toe

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5
Q

How is hallux valgus managed non-operatively?

A

Footwear modification

Analgesia

Activity modification

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6
Q

What is Morton’s neuroma?

A

Mechanically induced degenerative neuropathy resulting in swelling and severe pain and numbness

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7
Q

Which group of patients are associated with mortons neuroma?

A

Females 40-60 years old

High healed shoes

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8
Q

What are the symptoms of mortons neuroma?

A

3rd and 2n webspace affected

Burning pain in toes

Intermittent

Altered sensation

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9
Q

How can mortons neuroma be diagnosed?

A

Mulders click

USS

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10
Q

How is Mortons neuroma managed?

A

Injections

Surgery

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11
Q

What is achilles tendinosis?

A

Degenerative/overuse condition

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12
Q

What is the aetiology of achilles paratendinopathy?

A
  • Athletes
  • 30-40
  • Male:female 2:1
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13
Q

What is the aetiology of achilles tendinopathy?

A

Non-athletes

> 40

obesity

steroids

diabetes

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of achilles tendinopathy?

A

Pain during exercise

Pain following exercise

Difficulty fitting shoes

Rupture

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15
Q

How is achilles tendon rupture tested for?

A

Simmonds test - gently squeeze the calf, if foot does not move then achilles tendon is ruptured

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16
Q

What is the non-operative treatment for achilles tendinopathy?

A

Activity modification

weight loss

physiotherapy

17
Q

What is the aetiology of plantar fasciitis?

A

Athletes

Obesity

Prolonged standing jobs

Running with poorly padded shoes

18
Q

What are the symptoms of plantar fasciitis?

A

Pain first thing in the morning

Pain on weight bearing after rest

Lasts 2 years or more

19
Q

What are the differentials of plantar fasciitis?

A

Nerve entrapment syndrome

Arthritis

Calcaneal pathology

20
Q

What is the treatment for plantar fasciitis?

A

Rest

Stretching

Ice

NSAID’s

Physio

Weight loss

Steroid injections

21
Q

What is the commonest cause of charcot neuropathy?

A

Diabetes

22
Q

What are the 3 stages of bone destruction occuring in charcot neuropathy?

A

Fragmentation

Coalescence

Remodelling

MSK (31 decks)

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