09 - Endocrine system

Question 1

Three parts of the pituitary gland, and their secretions

Answer 1

1. Pars distalis - acidophils (prolactin and GH), basophils (FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH)
2. Pars intermedia - MSH
3. Pars nervosa - no secretions; instead, stores and releases 2 hypothalamic secretions: oxytocin and ADH

Question 2

Another name for pars nervosa

Answer 2

Neurohypophysis, or posterior pituitary gland

Question 3

Another name for pars distalis

Answer 3

Adenohypophysis, or anterior pituitary gland

Question 4

Term for cells that do not stain easily

Answer 4

Chromophobe cells

Question 5

Cells that stain easily. (Also, enumerate the two types)

Answer 5

chromophils: acidophils and basophils

Question 6

Term for cells that secrete growth hormone

Answer 6

Somatotrophs

Question 7

These cells make up almost half of the bulk of the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 7

Somatotrophs

Question 8

What gland secretes melatonin?

Answer 8

Pineal gland

Question 9

what is the function of melatonin? Special term

Answer 9

regulates daily body rhythms and day/night cycle (circadian rhythm)

Question 10

Two types of cells in the thyroid gland, and their secretions

Answer 10

Follicular cells - thyroid hormones

Parafollicular cells - calcitonin

Question 11

Two types of cells in the parathyroid gland, and their secretions

Answer 11

chief cells - PTH

oxyphil cells - no secretion

Question 12

Lymphatic organ that recycles RBCs

Answer 12

spleen

Question 13

Distinguishing feature of the thymic medulla. What are its secretions?

Answer 13

Hassal corpuscles - thymosin and thymopoietin

Question 14

Keyword: PALS

Answer 14

white pulp

Question 15

Keyword: cords of Bilroth

Answer 15

red pulp