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Phys > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Gs Protein

A

Effector: Adenylyl Cyclase
Signaling Pathways: > Cyclic AMP
(also @Ca Channel and >Ca influx)
S=Stimulatory

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2
Q

G olf G-Protien

A

Effector: Adenylyl Cyclase

Signaling Pathways: > AMP

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3
Q

Gi G-Protein

A

Effector: Adenylyl Cyclase

Signaling Pathway: < Cyclic AMP

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4
Q

Gr1/2 G-Protein

A

Activated by: Photon
Effector: Cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase
Signaling Pathway: < Cyclic GMP

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5
Q

Gq G-Protein

A

Effector: Phospholipase C

Signaling Pathway: > IP3, DAG, Ca+2

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6
Q

Solute Concentrations:

Na+ . and Cl-

A

Na+ Cl-
Plasma: 140 105
ECF: 140 105
ICF: 12 5

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7
Q

Solute Concentrations:

K+ and pH

A

K+ pH
Plasma: 4.3 7.4
ECF: 4.3 7.4
ICF: 120 7.2

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8
Q

Solute Concentrations:

Ca+ . and bicarb

A

Ca+ bicarb
Plasma: 2.5 24
ECF: 2.5 24
ICF: .0001 . 12

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9
Q

Solute Concentrations:

A

Protein Total Osm
Plasma: 1 291
ECF: 0 290
ICF: high 290

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10
Q

Facilitated vs Simple Diffusion

A

compare concentration to rate of diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion has max rate (Vmax)
Kt = concentration @ 1/2 Vmax

Velocity = Vmax * S / Kt + S

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11
Q

Molecules that need Transporter/Channel to cross membrane

A

Ions (H+, Na+, ect)

Large Uncharged Polar Mlcs (Glucose/sucrose)

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12
Q

Molecules that dont need Transporter/Channel to cross membrane

A 
hydrophobic mlc (O2, N2 ect)
Small uncharged polar mlcs (H20, urea, glycerol)
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13
Q

Plasma Vol Indicator

A

Evans Blue Dye

hct ~40%

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14
Q

ECF Indicator

Plasm & ISF

A

Inulin

(large sugar that can’t cross cell membrane)

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15
Q

TBW Indicator

A

Antipyrine or titrated water

diffuse through all compartments

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16
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Simple v Stratified

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar, pseudostratified

17
Q

Squamous

A

Simple: blood vessel, lymph
Keratinized Stratified: skin, masticatory oral
Stratified: esophagus, vagina

18
Q

Cuboidal

A

Simple: thyroid, sweat glands

19
Q

Columnar

A

Simple: intestine, kidney
Pseudostratified: lung, submandibular glands
Transitional: urinary system

20
Q

Body Water

A

60% body wt water (TBW)
2/3 TBW = ICF
1/3 TBW = ECF
75% ISF & 25% Plasma

21
Q

Causes of Edema

A

Increased capillary permeability
(< plasma protein and >tissue oncotic P)
Decreased Capillary Oncotic Pressure
Lymph Obstruction
> Capillary Hydrostatic P
(ven obstruction, Na/H20 retention/HF)

22
Q

Osmotic Pressure

A

Pi (mmHg) = M (mOsmoles/L) * 19.3

23
Q

RAA System

A

< BP = renin release by juxtaglomerular
Renin activate angiotensinogen -> angiotensiongen 1
ACE in lungs changes agio 1 -> angio 2
Angio 2 = vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion (from adrenal cortex)
-> Na and Water retention and >BP

24
Q

Regulation of thirst / ADH Secretion

Antidiuretic Hormone (vasopressin)

A

> plasma osmolarity or < circulating volume
ADH secretion, < H2O excretion
> H20 retention
> plasma osmolarity &

25
Q

ANP/H System:

A 
>Na = osmotic shift of H2O out of cell =
> plasma volume =
>atrial stretching detected by atrial endocrine cells =
ANP/H  release =
glomerulus to >GFR,
26
Q

Desmosome

A 
Spot desmosomes . (macula adherens)
Belt desmosome (zonula adherens)
27
Q

Nernst Equation

A

E = 1/z * 61 * log (Xo/Xin) mV

28
Q

mRNA

A

Messenger RNA: carry genetic code to cytoplasm

29
Q

tRNA

A

transports activated amino acid to ribosomes for assembling protein mlc

30
Q

rRNA

A

Ribosomal RNA: forms ribosomes.

physical and chemical structure on which protein mlc assembled

31
Q

miRNA

A

MicroRNA: single stranded RNA mlc of 21-23 nucleotides

regulate gene transcription and translation

32
Q

siRNA

A

small interfering RNA: regulate transcription and translation
similar to miRNA (together = RNAi

33
Q

RISC: RNA-induced silencing complex

A

Pr-miRNA -> Pre-miRNA in nucleus
-> cytoplasm and processed by dicer -> RISC
RISC-miRNA complex bind to RNA
= stop translation or promote degredation

34
Q

Enhancer Mlc

A

by TATA box
proximal promoter elements (response elements)
Initiator sequences

Phys (3 decks)

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