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Anatomy > Chapter 3 Chemistry of Life > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Chemistry of Life Flashcards

1
Q

Define matter

A

Materials or substance around us- any that has mass and occupies space is matter

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2
Q

Define elements

A

A pure substance that is composed of only one kind of atom. An element cannot be broken down or decomposed into 2 or more different substance.

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3
Q

What is an example of an element

A

Carbon

Oxygen

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4
Q

Compound

A

2 or more elements are joined to form chemical combination compounds can be broken down/ decomposed into elements

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5
Q

Mineral element in the cytoplasm

Major

Minor

A

Major are 11

Oxygen hydrogen carbon nitrogen

Minor 15

Iron manganese silicon

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6
Q

What are the properties of atoms

A

Atomic number- number of protons in the nucleus

Mass number - number of protons plus number of neutrons

Energy level- Octet rules

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7
Q

What is isotopes

A

Isotopes of an elements contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Atomic weight

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8
Q

Ionic bonds

A

Occurs when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

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9
Q

Covalent bonds

A

Are formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons

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10
Q

Hydrogen bonds

A

Weaker forces- Requires less energy

Result from and it will charge distribution on molecules

Formed when electrons are are equally shared polar molecules

Occur between Hydrogen bonded to oxygen, N or F to an O, F or N

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11
Q

Is water polar or non polar

A

Polar

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12
Q

Chemical reactions

Synthesis reaction

A

Synthesis put together

A+B ➡️ AB

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13
Q

Chemical reactions

A

Decomposition reactions Breakdown of complex substance into two or more and some more substance broken energy is released

AB➡️ A+B+ Energy

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14
Q

Chemical reactions

Exchange reactions

A

AB+CD➡️ AD +CB

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15
Q

Chemical reaction

Reversible reactions

A

A+B🔁 AB

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16
Q

Metabolism

A

The set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life.

17
Q

Catabolism/ hydrolysis

A

Chemical reactions that release energy from food molecules is the body’s way of supplying us up with energy for doing the Bricktown process resent the type of conclusion called hydrolysis. The catabolic reaction adds water To break down large molecules into smaller molecules

18
Q

Anabolism/ dehydration synthesis

A

The many chemical reactions that builds food molecules into more complex chemical compound.

Dehydration synthesis removed of water

19
Q

What’s the difference between Organic and inorganic

A

Inorganic do not contain c-c bonds/ C-H bonds

Organic compounds do contain C-C/ C-H

20
Q

Properties of water Why the properties of water is an important organic molecule a living organism

A

Inorganic

Effective solvent in the body

Enables the body to maintain constant temperature

High heat vaporization

21
Q

Electrolytes

A

Other than organic substance that include this is the song belong to a large group of compounds called

22
Q

Acids

A

Substances that releases a hydrogen ion H+ when in solution- proton donors

23
Q

Ph Scale

A

A pH of 7 Indicates neutrality Equal amounts of H and OH

A pH less than 7 Indicates acidity

A pH higher than 7 Indicates alkalinity

24
Q

Buffers

A

The minimize changes the concentration of H and OH ions in our body fluids

25
Q

Salts

A

Reaction between acid and bases to form a salt and water it’s called neutralization reaction

26
Q

How many elements are in the body

A

There are 26 elements

27
Q

Buffers

A

Maintains a constancy of pH

Acts as reservoir for hydrogen ions

28
Q

The most abundant element essential to life

A

Carbon

29
Q

A force holding two atoms together is a

A

Chemical bonds

30
Q

Acids

A

Release hydrogen ions

31
Q

As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the ph goes _______ and the solution becomes more ____

A

Down acidic

32
Q

Acids, bases and salts belong to a large group compounds called

A

Electrolytes

33
Q

Hydrogen bonds result from unequal charge distribution on a molecule

A

Polar

34
Q

as an energy source

catabolism or anabolism

A

Catabolism

35
Q

building blocks for making complex chemical compounds

A

anabolism

36
Q

Metabolism

A

the set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. These processes allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments.

37
Q

A process that uses no oxygen is

A

anaerobic.

38
Q

Hyperglycemia is low blood glucose.

A

True

39
Q

Adenine can only pair with thymine (A-T).

Cytosine can only pair with guanine (C-G).

A

Adenine can only pair with thymine (A-T).

Cytosine can only pair with guanine (C-G).

Anatomy (17 decks)

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