Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Trimester 1 > Unit 3: Part 1 > Flashcards

Unit 3: Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Neuron

A

a nerve cell that is the basic building block of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cell body

A

The part of the neuron that contains the nucleus, the cell’s life support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dendrites

A

Bushy, branching extensions that receive and integrate messages that conduct impulses toward the cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Axon

A

The neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons, muscles, or glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Myelin sheath

A

The fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some neurons; increases transmission speed and provides insulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Glial cells

A

Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons: also plays a role in learning, thinking, and memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Action potential

A

A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Threshold

A

The level of simulation required to trigger a neural impulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Refractory period

A

A brief resting pause that occurs after a neuron is fired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

All-or-none response

A

A neuron’s reaction of either firing or not firing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Synapse

A

The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Reuptake

A

A neurotransmitter’s reabsorption by the sending neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Endorphins

A

Meaning “morphine within”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Agonist

A

Exciting neuron firing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Antagonist

A

Inhibiting neuron firing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nervous system

A

The body’s speedy electrochemical communication network consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and CNS(central nervous system) system

17
Q

Central nervous system

A

Made up of the brain and spinal cord

18
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Made up of sensory and motor neurons

19
Q

Nerves

A

Bundled axons of many neurons that form neural cables connecting the central nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs

20
Q

Sensory (afferent) neurons

A

Carry information from the sense organs to the CNS

21
Q

Motor (efferent) neurons

A

Carry messages from the CNS to the muscles and glands

22
Q

Interneurons

A

they process information between the sensory inputs and motor output

23
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Part of the PNS that controls the body’s skeletal muscles

24
Q

Automatic nervous system

A

Controls the glands and muscles of internal organs

25
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Arouses the body, mobilizing it’s energy

26
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Calms the body, conserving it’s energy

27
Q

Reflex

A

A simple, automatic response to a sensory stimulation

28
Q

Endocrine system

A

The body’s “slow” chemical communication system: a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

29
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical messengers that are produced by the endocrine glands, travel through the bloodstream and affect other tissues

30
Q

Adrenal glands

A

A pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones(adrenaline) that help arouse the body in times of stress (fight or flight)

31
Q

Pituitary gland

A

The endocrine systems most influential gland under the influence of hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands

32
Q

Lesion

A

Tissue destruction. A brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue

33
Q

EEG (electroencephalogram)

A

An amplified recording of electrical activity sweeping across the brains surface. These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp

34
Q

MEG (mangetoencencephalopgraphy)

A

A brain imaging technique that measures magnetic fields from the brains natural electrical activity

35
Q

CT (computed tomography) scan

A

A series of X-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice of the brain’s structure (also called at CAT scan)

36
Q

PET (position emission tomography) scan

A

A visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task

37
Q

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

A

A technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue. MRI scans shows brain anatomy

38
Q

fMRI (functional MRI)

A

A technique for revealing blood flow and, therefore, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans. fMRI scans show brain function as well as structure

Trimester 1 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions