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Health Assessment > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

S1

A

closure of the mitral valve

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2
Q

S2

A

closure of the aortic valve

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3
Q

ventricular diastole occurs between what (S1/S2)

A

between S2 and the next S1

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4
Q

Ventricular systole occurs between what (S1/S2)

A

between S1 and S2

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5
Q

which lasts longer, S1 or S2?

A

S2

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6
Q

aortic area location

A

right 2nd interspace, near sternal border

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7
Q

pulmonic area location

A

left 2nd interspace, near sternal border

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8
Q

epigastric area location

A

subxiphoid area

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9
Q

tricuspid area location

A

left 4th and 5th interspace near to sternal border

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10
Q

mitral area location

A

apex, 5th interspace at midclavicular line

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11
Q

S2A and S2P occur when?

A

during inspiration

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12
Q

S1 is heard loudest in which area?

A

through 3rd space, tricuspid and mitral area

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13
Q

S2 is heard loudest in which area?

A

aortic and pulmonic areas

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14
Q

which position does the patient need to be in to listen to S3, S4, and the murmur of mitral stenosis?

A

left lateral decubitus position

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15
Q

The diaphragm of a stethoscope is best for detecting which sounds?

A

high-pitched sounds, S1, S2, S4 and most murmurs

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16
Q

The bell of a stethoscope is best for detecting which sounds?

A

low pitched sounds, S3 and murmur of mitral stenosis

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17
Q

what does a bounding carotid artery suggest?

A

aortic insufficiency

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18
Q

what does a delayed carotid artery suggest?

A

aortic stenosis

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19
Q

what does a brisk carotid artery suggest?

A

normal

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20
Q

when assessing PMI (apex), “tapping” may indicate what?

A

normal

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21
Q

when assessing PMI (apex), “sustained” may indicate what?

A

LV hypertrophy from HTN or aortic stenosis

22
Q

when assessing PMI (apex), “ diffuse” may indicate what?

A

dilated ventricle from CHF or cardiomyopathy

23
Q

what are you feeling for when palpating the chest?

A

thrills, heaves, lifts

24
Q

what is a normal JVP?

A

3-4cm

25
Q

where do you put the ruler when measuring JVP?

A

on the sternal angle

26
Q

what happens to ventricles during systole

A

ventricles contract

between S1 and S2

27
Q

what happens to ventricles during diastole

A

ventricles relax

between S2 and the next S1

28
Q

when describing murmurs

A
  1. ) Timing: are they systolic or diastolic?
  2. ) Duration sound: early/mid/late?
  3. ) Quality: harsh, soft
  4. ) Pitch: high, med, low
29
Q

p wave

A

depolarization of atria

30
Q

PR interval

A

from beginning of p wave to the beginning of QRS complex

31
Q

QRS complex

A

depolarization of the ventricles

32
Q

T wave

A

repolarization of the ventricles

33
Q

do veins have thick or thin walls?

A

thin, distensible

34
Q

superficial veins

A

saphenous and small saphenous veins
anastomotic veins which connect two saphenous veins
perforating veins

35
Q

what kind of valves do deep, superficial and perforating veins

A

one-way valves

36
Q

what are one-way valves in veins good for?

A

propel blood toward heat, preventing pooling, venous stasis and backward flow

37
Q

Intermittent claudication

A

more pain at rest

38
Q

epitrochlear node is located where?

A

3cm above medial epicondyle (above elbow)

39
Q

Grading of Arterial pulses 3+

A

bounding

40
Q

Grading of Arterial pulses 2+

A

Brisk, expected (normal)

41
Q

Grading of Arterial pulses 1+

A

Diminished, weaker than expected

42
Q

Grading of Arterial pulses 0

A

Absent

43
Q

Allen test

A

test for arterial insufficienct

44
Q

Trendelenburg

A

test for retrograde filling

45
Q

Buergertest

A

test for arterial insufficiency

46
Q

Erbs point

A

3rd ICS near the sternal border

47
Q

What do the jugular veins reflect when measuring JVP?

A

right atrial pressure

48
Q

Angle of Louis is also called?

A

sternal angle

49
Q

xiphoid process location

A

bottom of sternum

50
Q

How many ribs are there?

A

12

51
Q

How many ICS are there?

A

9

Health Assessment (15 decks)

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