Rectum and Anal Canal

Question 1

Location of rectum

Answer 1

S3>tip of coccyx

Question 2

Peritoneal relations of Rectum

Answer 2

Upper 1/3rd is only covered anteriorly and on sides

Question 3

Relations of rectum

Answer 3

Anteriory- rectovesicle pouch, seminal vesicle, prostate (males)
Rectouterine pouch and vagina (females)

Posteriorly-S3,S4,S5, cocyx, annococcygeal ligament, priformis, fat

Question 4

Folds in the Rectum

Answer 4

1. Longituadnal folds (lower part)

2. Transverse folds/plicae transversalis

Question 5

Blood supply of rectum

Answer 5

1. Superior rectal (superior mesentric)
2. Middle rectal (internal iliac)
3. Median sarcal (aorta)

Question 6

Venous drainage of rectum

Answer 6

1. sup. rectal> Inf mesentric> Splenic vein
2. Middle rectal > internal iliac
3. Inf rectal/median sacral> common iliac

Question 7

Nerve supply of rectum

Answer 7

SNS- L1 L2 via inf mesentric plexus

PSNS- S2-S4 via inf hypogastric plexus

Question 8

Lymphatics of rectum

Answer 8

Inferior mesentric

Internal iliac nodes

Question 9

Relations of Anal canal

Answer 9

Anteriorly-Perineal body, urethra, bulb of penis/vagina

Posteriorly-Annococcygeal ligament, coocyx

Question 10

Blood supply of Anal canal

Answer 10

Above pectinate line- superior rectal artery

Below pectinate line- inferior rectal arteries

Question 11

Lymohatics of Anal Canal

Answer 11

Above pectinate line- internal iliac nodes

Below- superior inguinal nodes

Question 12

Nerve supply of anal canal

Answer 12

1. Above pectinate line- SNS-L1 L2 PSNS-S2-S4
   2.Below-S2-S4
   3.Spincters
   Internal sphincter: Contraction: sns Relaxation:psns
   External: Inferior rectal and perineal nerves