Cardiac Functions & Definitions

Question 1

What is F.I.T.T.E?

Answer 1

FREQUENCY -# of sessions per day/week INTENSITY-the relative physiological challenge of the exercise. TIME/DURATION- length of session TYPE/MODE- exercise based on needs & goals ENJOYMENT-activities one enjoys

Question 2

Components of Fitness

Answer 2

CardioRespiratory, Muscle Endurance, Muscle strength, Flexiblity

Question 3

Physical Activity

Answer 3

musculoskeletal movement leading to caloric expenditure

Question 4

Exercise

Answer 4

Movement done for improvement in one or more “components of fitness’ (aerobic, resistance and/or flexibility

Question 5

Muscle Endurance

Answer 5

Refers to a muscle’s ablity to perform repeated contractions at sub maximal force or hold static contractions.

Question 6

Muscle Strength

Answer 6

Amount of force a muscle can exert in a single all-out effort (1 REP Max or 1RM)

Question 7

Heart Rate

Answer 7

Total # of times the heart contracts in one minute. Healthy adult aprox 60-100bpm (TACHYCARDIA is faster than normal >100bpm, BRADYCARDIA is <60bpm

Question 8

Stroke Volume (SV)

Answer 8

The amount of blood pumped from the left ventricle in one beat

Question 9

Cardiac Output (C.O. or Q)

Answer 9

The amount of blood pumped from the heart in one minute

Question 10

Blood Pressure

Answer 10

Arterial pressure providing force for blood flow (systolic and diastolic pressure)

Question 11

Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)

Answer 11

The pressure being exerted on the arterial wall during CONTRACTION. (Avg. resting blood pressure is 120mm Hg for SBP)

Question 12

Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)

Answer 12

The pressure during the relaxation phase of the ventricles. (Avg. resting blood pressure is 80mm Hg for DBP)

Question 13

Hypertension

Answer 13

SBP persistently exceeds 140mm Hg and/or DBP exceeds 90mm at rest.

Question 14

Arteriovenous Oxygen Difference

Answer 14

Diff btw oxygen content of arterial and venous blood

Question 15

Blood Flow

Answer 15

Distribution of the cardiac output

Question 16

Pulmonary Ventilation

Answer 16

Volume of air exchanged per minute

Question 17

Maximum Oxygen Consuption

Answer 17

Highest rate and amount of oxygen achieved at maximal physical exertion

Question 18

Normal ACUTE Cardiorespiratory Responses DURING Aerobic Exercise

Answer 18

(These serve to oxygente blood delivered to active tissues during exercise)

a. HR+
b. SV+
c. Cardiac Output+ (HR xSV)
d. Arteriovenous Oxygen Diff +
e. Blood Flow +
f. Blood Pressure +
g. Pulmonary Ventilation +
h. (Maximal) Oxygen Consumption +

Question 19

Normal CHRONIC Cardiorespiratory Adaptations to Aerobic Exercise

Answer 19

a. Resting Heart Rate (RHR) -
b. SV+
c. Cardiac Output+ during exercise after training; (resting remains unchanged)
d. Blood Pressure -
e. Blood Lactate -

Question 19

Myocardium

Answer 19

The cardiac muscle

Question 20

Tricuspid Valve

Answer 20

Controls the flow of blood from the RA (right atrium) to the RV (right ventricle)

Question 21

Mitral or Bicuspid Valve

Answer 21

Controls the blood flow btw the LA (left atrium) and the LV (left ventricle)