Atlantic Canada

Question 1

Which natural resources have lost their importance over time?

Answer 1

Cod, Coal, and Timber

Question 2

What is the annual growth rate of Atlantic Canada?

Answer 2

Less than 1%

Question 3

How much of Canada’s population does Atlantic Canada contain?

Answer 3

6.6%

Question 4

What is the population of Atlantic Canada?

Answer 4

2.4 Million

Question 5

How much of Canada’s population did Atlantic Canada contain in 1871?

Answer 5

20%

Question 6

How many people do the six urban centres of Atlantic Canada contain?

Answer 6

~1.1 Million people, or 46% of Atlantic Canada’s population

Question 7

What are the 6 urban centres of Atlantic Canada?

Answer 7

Halifax

St. John’s

Saint John

Moncton

Fredericton

Charlottetown

Question 8

What are the two physiographic regions found in Atlantic Canada?

Answer 8

The Appalachian Uplands

The Canadian Shield

Question 9

What are the 3 major environmental challenges with disastrous consequences that Atlantic Canada has faced?

Answer 9

Hydroelectric projects and their effect on traditional lands. Accompanied by possible mercury poisoning of fish and wildlife

The Sydney tar ponds

The collapse of the Cod Fishery

Question 10

Why did French colonies prefer to settle initially in the Maritime lands?

Answer 10

They were better for agriculture in the 17th century

Question 11

What factors led to the collapse of the cod fishery?

Answer 11

Overexploitation

Failure to exert power and regulations beyond Canada’s maritime border

Bottom-dragging nets, which are environmentally disastrous, yet cost-efficient. Destroyed ecosystems and spawning biomass

Question 12

Where was the first European settlement on current day Canadian land?

Answer 12

Port Royal, near Bay of Fundy. French settlers

Question 13

When did France surrender Acadia to Britain?

Answer 13

1713; under the “Treaty of Utrecht”

Question 14

When did Britain start colonizing Nova Scotia?

Answer 14

Mid 1700’s

Question 15

Who did the Acadians have alliance with?

Answer 15

The Mi’kmaq First Nation

Question 16

What was/when was the Treaty of Paris?

Answer 16

It occured in 1763. It ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years’ War between Great Britain and France, as well as their respective allies. In the terms of the treaty, France gave up all its territories in mainland North America, effectively ending any foreign military threat to the British colonies there

Question 17

What two factors led Scottish and Irish people to immigrate to the Atlantic Canada?

Answer 17

Scottish Highland Clearances

Irish famine

Question 18

When did timber and shipbuilding become resources for the maritimes?

Answer 18

early 19th Century

Question 19

What led to greater trade between the Maritimes and New England?

Answer 19

The industrialization of New England after the Civil War

Question 20

When and why did the trading between New England and the Maritimes stop?

Answer 20

In 1849, after the end of the Reciprocity Treaty. Not long before the confederation of Canada.

Question 21

What kind of manufacturing was in demand after confederation of Canada, and into the early 20th Century?

Answer 21

The manufacturing of steel, which was needed for making the Intercolonial Railway

Question 22

What led to a major economic blow for the Maritime economy in 1919?

Answer 22

The government deciding to no longer subsidize freight rates, making immediate access to the national market more difficult. This marked the beginning of the out-migration trend happening in the Maritimes.

Question 23

When did each province join Confederation?

Answer 23

Nova Scotia: 1867
New Brunswick: 1867
P.E.I.: 1873
Newfoundland: 1949

Question 24

What are the primary resources of Atlantic Canada?

Answer 24

FIsh, Forests, Minerals, and Petroleum. Looking forward, ocean technology and shipbuilding could become big.

Question 25

What industries could Atlantic Canada pursue/grow in the future?

Answer 25

Additional Oil and Gas discoveries

Tourism

Recovery of Cod Fishery stocks

Growth of High-Tech industry

Development of Energy Projects

Question 26

What was the Reciprocity Treaty of 1854?

Answer 26

Reciprocity was an agreement between the United States and Canada, controversial at times on both sides of the border, to mutually reduce import duties and protective tariffs charged on goods exchanged between the countries from 1854 to 1948.

Question 27

What was the National Policy created by John A. MacDonald?

Answer 27

The National Policy was a central economic and political strategy of the Conservative Party under Prime Minister John A. Macdonald, and many of his successors in high office. It meant that from 1878 until the Second World War, Canada levied high tariffs on foreign imported goods, to shield Canadian manufacturers from American competition.

Question 28

Approx how many people are employed in the Ontario automotive industry?

Answer 28

~125,000