Diagnosis, control and treatment of Cestodes

Question 1

What drugs have no effect on cestodes?

Answer 1

Ivermectin and other Macrocyclic Lactones

Question 2

What to treat small animals with?

Answer 2

• Praziquantel in the drug of choice for most
• Niclosamide (variable against D. caninum)
• Nitroscanate (not E. granulosus)

Bunamidine for Spirometra erinacei

BZs

Arecoline as diagnostic tool

Question 3

Large animals treatment

Answer 3

• Praziquantel (very good against A. perfoliata in horses)

Morantel, pyrantel or niclosamide against Anoplocephala or Moniezia

Question 4

Treatment for birds

Answer 4

• Praziquantel against adult cestodes (+ pyrantel is toxic to chickens)
• Niclosamid against chicken tapeworms (toxic to geese)
• Fenbendazole, Menbendazole, flubendazol, oxfendazole and febantel may be used

Question 5

Treatment of Sparganosis

Answer 5

High doses of Praziquantel

Question 6

Treatment of Echinococcus in humans

Answer 6

MBZ, ABZ

Question 7

How to control?

Answer 7

Best way is to avoid the transmission (focus on the DH)

• educate people
• monitor abattoirs
• don’t feed dogs offal from hunting
• Treat domestic animals with praziquantel
• Wash hands before eating (esp if cutting up IH)

Question 8

Future control of taeniids

Answer 8

recombinant vaccines

Question 9

Principles of echinococcosis control

Answer 9

Epidemiological surveillance

• diagnosis of canids
• Abattoir surveillance
• Diagnosis of humans

Control measures

• no offal!
• Correct offal disposal
• Regular treatment of dogs (monthly with praziquantel)
• eliminate feral canids from pasture
• prevent human to animal contact in endemic situations
• vaccinate IH

Question 10

Future vaccines for?

Answer 10

T. taeniaeformis

T. ovis

T. saginata

T. solium

E. granulosus

E. multilocularis

Question 11

Zoonotic taenia

Answer 11

T. solium

T. saginata

E. granulosus