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Anatomy > Exam 3 - Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the lymphatic system?

A

to drain the leftover lymph that the blood vessels did not

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2
Q

What are the two components of the lymphatic system?

A

the cellular component and the vascular component

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3
Q

What are the types of cells in the cellular component of the lymphatic system?

A

fixed cells and mobile cells

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4
Q

Where are the fixed cells of the lymphatic system located?

A

thymus, spleen, tonsils, lymph nodes, diffused lymphatic tissue of intestines and other viscera

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5
Q

What are the types of mobile cells in the lymphatic system?

A

lymphocytes, monocytes, and plasma cells

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6
Q

How does lymph move into the lymphatic vessels?

A

by the pressure created by skeletal muscle contraction around the lymph vessels

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7
Q

What does not have lymphatic tissue?

A

bone, cartilage, and epithelium

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8
Q

How does lymph gain access to into general circulation?

A

by suction effect of venous return in the cranial vena cava

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9
Q

What prevents retrograde flow?

A

valves within the lymphatic vessels

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10
Q

What is a primary lymph nodule?

A

a lymphocyte accumulation in the form of spherical lymphoid colonies in lamina propria of the mucous membranes of respiratory, digestive, and urogenital tract under normal physiological condition

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11
Q

What is a secondary lymph node?

A

characterized by reaction centers; upon exposure to an immunogen or a foreign substance

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12
Q

What are the lymphatic organs?

A

spleen, thymus, hemal nodes, lymph nodes, and tonsils

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13
Q

What is a lymph center/regional lymph node?

A

a lymph node or group of lymph noes that receive lymph from an organ or a region that they occur in

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14
Q

What is edema caused by?

A

improper lymph drainage leading to infection or inflammation of the organ

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15
Q

What are the regional lymph nodes of the head?

A

parotid lymph node, mandibular lymph node, buccal lymph node, lateral retropharyngeal lymph node, medial retropharyngeal lymph node

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16
Q

Where is the parotid lymph node located?

A

at the cranial border of the parotid salivary gland a the base of the external ear; caudal to the masseter

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17
Q

What does the parotid lymph node drain lymph from?

A

the dorsal half of the head, eye, ear, nasal cavity, and associated muscles

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18
Q

Where is/are the mandibular lymph nodes located?

A

at the angle of the mandibule ventro-cranial to the mandibular salivary gland on either side of the facial vein; adjacent to the ventral border of the masseter

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19
Q

What is the function of the mandibular lymph node?

A

drains lymph from the lower jaw, the tongue and associated muscles, the oral cavity and the muscles of mastication

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20
Q

What lymph node is always seen in cats but rarely seen in dogs?

A

the lateral retropharyngeal lymph node

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21
Q

What does the lateral retropharyngeal lymph node drain from?

A

the dorsal aspect of the neck, ear, eyelids, and salivary glands

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22
Q

Where is the medial retropharyngeal lymph node located?

A

behind the parotid salivary gland and dorsomedial to the mandibular salivary gland

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23
Q

Where is the medial retropharyngeal lymph node palpated at?

A

ventrolateral to the wing of the atlas

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24
Q

What are the regional lymph nodes of the neck region?

A

deep cervical lymph node, superficial cervical lymph node

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25
Q

Where is the superficial cervical lymph node located?

A

at the cranial border of the scapula in a triangular space between the omotransversarius, the trapezius, and the brachiocephalicus

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26
Q

What does the superficial cervical lymph node drain?

A

superficial neck region at the dorsal aspect of the pectoral girdle

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27
Q

What does the right efferent duct drain into?

A

the right tracheal trunk to form the right lymphatic duct

28
Q

What does the left efferent duct drain into?

A

the thoracic duct

29
Q

What are the regional lymph nodes of the thorax?

A

dorsal thoracic lymph node, ventral thoracic lymph nodes, cranial mediastinal lymph node, bronchial and tracheal lymph nodes

30
Q

Where is the caudal sternal lymph node located if present?

A

at the apex of the pericardium

31
Q

Where is the cranial sternal lymph node located?

A

at the 2nd interchondral space, ventrolateral to the internal thoracic artery or vein

32
Q

What does the cranial sternal lymph node drain from?

A

the lateral wall and floor of the thorax from the abdominal floor to the right lymphatic duct

33
Q

Where is the cranial mediastinal lymph node located?

A

by the brachiocephalic trunk located near the base of the heart at the junction of the great blood vessels, esophagus, and trachea

34
Q

What does the cranial mediastinal lymph node drain from?

A

the cranial mediastinum and thoracic inlet

35
Q

What does the cranial medialstinal lymph node drain into?

A

thoracic duct or left tracheal lymph duct

36
Q

Where are the tracheobronchial lymph nodes located?

A

at the bifurcation of the trachea; often seen at the junction of the left bronchus, thoracic aorta and the esophagus

37
Q

Where does the tracheobronchial lymph node drain lymph from?

A

the cranial mediastinum and thoracic inlet

38
Q

What does the tracheobronchial lymph node drain into?

A

the thoracic duct of left tracheal lymph duct

39
Q

Where are the axillary lymph nodes located?

A

between the brachial plexus and blood vessels

40
Q

Where does the axillary lymph node drain from?

A

the thoracic limbs, thoracic girdle, first 3 pairs of the mammary glands

41
Q

Where are the lumbar aortic lymph lodes located?

A

in between the abdominal aorta and the caudal vena cava

42
Q

What does the lumbar aortic lymph node drain lymph from?

A

the verterbral column

43
Q

What does the lumbar aortic lymph node drain into?

A

the thoracic duct via the lumbar lymphatic duct

44
Q

Where are the renal lymph nodes located?

A

between the renal artery and vein

45
Q

Where do the renal lymph nodes drain into?

A

the thoracic duct

46
Q

What lymph nodes are included in the celiac lymph center?

A

the gastric, hepatic, splenic, and pancreatiocoduodenal

47
Q

What does the celiac lymph center drain into?

A

the cisterna chyli

48
Q

What is the cysterna chyli?

A

the enlarged part of the opening of the thoracic duct

49
Q

What lymph nodes are part of the cranial mesenteric lymph center?

A

jejunal and colic lymph nodes

50
Q

What does the cranial mesenteric lymph center drain to?

A

the cisterna chyli

51
Q

Where are the medial iliac lymph nodes located?

A

between the external iliac and the deep circumflex iliac arteries

52
Q

What does the medial iliac lymph node drain from?

A

the sublumbar, craniolateral pelvic wall and thigh, the base of the tail and abdominal wall and reproductive region

53
Q

What does the medial iliac lymph node drain into?

A

the cisterna chyli

54
Q

Where are the internal iliac lymph nodes located?

A

between the internal iliac and median sacral arteries

55
Q

What do the internal iliac lymph nodes drain lymph from?

A

the sublumbar and urogenital organs

56
Q

What do the internal iliac lymph nodes drain into?

A

cisterna chyli

57
Q

Where is the popliteal lymph node located?

A

caudal to the stifle joint in between the tendons of the biceps femoris and the semitendinosus

58
Q

Where does the superficial inguinal lymph node lay?

A

in the fat between the abdominal muscles at the external inguinal ring

59
Q

In the male, where is the superficial inguinal lymph node located?

A

dorsolateral to the penis at the level of the bulbus glandis

60
Q

What drains into the thoracic duct?

A

the lymph from the abdomen, pelvis, pelvic limb, and caudal two pairs of the mammary glands

61
Q

When does the thoracic duct become the thoracic duct?

A

when it goes through the aortic hiatus

62
Q

What drains into the right lymphatic duct?

A

the head, neck, right thoracic limb, right side of the thoracic mammary glands

63
Q

What are the tracheal trunks?

A

the efferents from the medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes

64
Q

Where does the left tracheal trunk join?

A

the thoracic duct

65
Q

Where does the right tracheal trunk join?

A

the right lymphatic duct

66
Q

What is the right lymphatic duct formed by?

A

the right tracheal trunk, efferent lymphatics from the right superficial cervical, axillary, and thoracic lymph nodes

67
Q

Where does the right lymphatic duct empty into?

A

either right subclavian, or the cranial vena cava

Anatomy (27 decks)

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