Kinesiology 2

Question 1

axial skeleton

Answer 1

forms the upright form of the body. It consists of the 80 bones of the head thorax and trunk

Question 2

appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

attaches to axial skeleton and consist of 126 bones of the extremities

Question 3

compact bone

Answer 3

makes up the hard, dense outer layer of all bones

Question 4

cancellous bone

Answer 4

the porous and spongy inside portion made up of thin columns and plates called trabeculae filled with marrow

Question 5

epiphysis

Answer 5

the area at the end of each long bone. it tends to be wider than the shaft

Question 6

eppphseal plate

Answer 6

epiphysis in growing bone, cartilaginous material, longitudinal growth occurs here

Question 7

pressure epiphysis

Answer 7

located at the ends of long bones, where they receive pressure from the opposing bone making up the joint. This is where growth of long bones occurs.

Question 8

traction epiphysis

Answer 8

location where tendons attach to bones and are subject to puling, or traction, force.

Question 9

diaphysis

Answer 9

main shaft of bone

Question 10

medullary canal

Answer 10

center of diaphysis, hollow, contains marrow and provides passage for nutrient arteries

Question 11

endosteum

Answer 11

membrane that line the medullary canal

Question 12

osteoclast

Answer 12

in endosteum, mainly responsible for bone reabsorption

Question 13

metaphysis

Answer 13

flared part of the bone that serves as a transition from the end of each diaphysis to each epiphysis

Question 14

periosteum

Answer 14

the thin fibrous membrane covering all bone except the articular surfaces

Question 15

long bones

Answer 15

bone named so because of its length is greater than its width

Question 16

short bones

Answer 16

bone that tends to have equal dimensions of height, length, and width, giving them a cubed shape

Question 17

flat bones

Answer 17

bones that have a very broad surface but are not very thick. They tend to have a curved surface rather than a flat one

Question 18

irregular bones

Answer 18

as the name implies these bones have a variety of mixed shapes that do not fit into another category

Question 19

sesamoid bones

Answer 19

resemble the shape of sesame seeds, are small bones located where tendons cross the ends of long bones in the extremities

Question 20

fracture

Answer 20

broken bone

Question 21

foraman

Answer 21

hole through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass

Question 22

fossa

Answer 22

hollow or depression

Question 23

groove

Answer 23

ditchlike groove containing a tendon or blood vessel

Question 24

meatus

Answer 24

canal or tubelike opening in a bone

Question 25

sinus

Answer 25

air-filled cavity with a bone

Question 26

condyle

Answer 26

rounded, knucklelike projection

Question 27

eminence

Answer 27

projecting, prominent part of bone

Question 28

facet

Answer 28

flat or shallow articular surface

Question 29

head

Answer 29

rounded articular projection beyond a narrow, necklike portion of bone

Question 30

crest

Answer 30

sharp ridge or border

Question 31

epicondyle

Answer 31

prominence above or on a condyle

Question 32

line

Answer 32

less prominent edge

Question 33

spine

Answer 33

long, thin projection(spinous process)

Question 34

tubercle

Answer 34

small, rounded projection

Question 35

tuberosity

Answer 35

large, rounded projection

Question 36

trochanter

Answer 36

very large prominence for muscle attachment

Question 37

osteoporosis

Answer 37

a condition characterized by loss of normal bone density, or bone mass

Question 38

osteopenia

Answer 38

also a condition of reduced bone mass, though not as severe as osteoporosis

Question 39

osteomyelitis

Answer 39

an infection of bone usually caused by bacteria

Question 40

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

Answer 40

blood supply is interupted to the femoral head, causing necrosis of the bone, at the pressure epiphysis of growing children

Question 41

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Answer 41

when the head of femur becomes displaced due to a separation at the growth plate

Question 42

Osgood-Schlatter disease

Answer 42

occurs at traction epiphysis in the tibial tuberosity, usually only occurs during bone growth years