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Kinesiology > Kinesiology 10 > Flashcards

Kinesiology 10 Flashcards

Shoulder Joint

1
Q

shoulder joint

A

a ball-and-socket joint with movement in all three planes and around all three axes.

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2
Q

four groups of motion possible at shoulder joint

A

1) flexion, extension, and hyperextension 2) abduction and adduction, 3) medial and lateral rotation, 4) horizontal abduction and horizontal adduction.

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3
Q

felexion, extension, and hyper extension

A

happen around sagittal plane, frontal axis. Flexion is 180 degrees, extension is return to anatomical position, hyperextension is approximately 45 degrees from the anatomical position

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4
Q

Abduction and adduction

A

occur on the frontal plane around the sagittal axis with 180 degrees od motion possible

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5
Q

medial and lateral rotation

A

occur on the transverse plane around the vertical axis. from a neutral position is is possible to move 90 degrees in each direction

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6
Q

horizontal abduction and horizontal adduction

A

occur in the transverse plane around the vertical axis. from arbitrary starting position of 90 degrees of shoulder abducion there would be approximately 30 degrees of horizontal abduction(backward motion and approximately 120 degrees of horizontal adduction (forward motion)

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7
Q

shoulder joint normal end feel

A

for all shoulder joint motions normal end feel is firm

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8
Q

glenohumeral joint

A

convex humeral head moves with concave glenoid fossa

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9
Q

convex-concave rule with glenohumeral joint

A

convex joint surface (humeral head) moves opposite distal end

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10
Q

the greatest amount of arthrokinetic motion

A

happens when the glenohumeral joint is in the open packed position of 55 degrees abduction and 30 degrees horizontal adduction

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11
Q

glenoid fossa

A

A shallow, somewhat egg-shaped socket on the superior end, lateral side, articulates with humerus

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12
Q

genoid labrum

A

fibrocartilaginous ring, attached to the rim of the glenoid fossa, which deepens the articular cavity

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13
Q

subscapular fossa

A

includes most of the area on the anterior (costal) urface, providing attachment for the subscapularis muscle

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14
Q

infraspinossa fossa

A

below the spine, providing attachment for the infraspinatus muscle

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15
Q

supraspinous fossa

A

above the spine , providing attachment for the supraspinatus muscle

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16
Q

axillary border

A

providing attachment for the teres major and teres minor muscless

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17
Q

acromium process

A

broad, flat area on the superior lateral aspect, providing attachment for the middle deltiod muscle

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18
Q

humerus

A

longest bone of upper extremity

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19
Q

head of humerus

A

semiround proximal end, articulates with scapula

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20
Q

surgical neck

A

slightly constricted area just below the tubercules where the head meets the body

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21
Q

anatomical neck

A

circumferential groove separating the head from the tubercule

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22
Q

shaft

A

or ‘body’, the area between the surgical neck and the wider distal end

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23
Q

greater tubercule

A

large projection lateral to head and lessr tubercule; provides attachment for thee superspinatus , infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles

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24
Q

lesser tubercule

A

smaller portion of the anterior surface, medial to the greater tubercule; provides attachment for the subscapularis muscle

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25
Q

deltiod tuberosity

A

on the lateral side of the midpoint of the shaft, not usually a well defined landmark

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26
Q

bicipital groove

A

also called the ‘intertubercular groove’, the longitudinal groove between the tubercules, containing the tendon of the long head of the biceps

27
Q

bicipital ridges

A

Also called lateral and medial lips of the bicipital roove, or the crests of the greater and lesser tubercules, respectiviely. The latera; lip (crest of the greater tubercule) provides attachment for the pectoralis major and the medial lip (crest of the lesser tabercule) provides attachment for the latissimus dorsi and teres major

28
Q

joint capsule

A

a thin-walled, spacious container that attaches around the rim of the Glenoid fossa of the scapula and the anatomical neck of the humerus

29
Q

rotator cuff

A

a tendinous band formed by the blending of the tendinous insertions of the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and the teres minor muscle.

30
Q

thoracolumbar fascia

A

lumbar aponeurosis, is a superficial fibrous sheet that attaches to the spinous process of the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, the supraspinal ligament, and the posterior part of the iliac creat, covering the sacrospinalis muscle

31
Q

the muscles that span the shoulder joint

A

deltiod, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi teres major, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, triceps brachii (long head)

32
Q

deltiod muscle

A

is a superficial muscle that covers the shoulder joint on three sides, giving the shoulder its characteristic round shape. The name deltiod describes its triangular shape

33
Q

anerior deltiod

A

attaches to the outer third of the clavicle

34
Q

middle deltiod muscle

A

attaches on the lateral side of the acromium process

35
Q

posterior deltiod muscle

A

attaches to the spine of the scapula

36
Q

pectoralis major muscle

A

large muscle of the chest

37
Q

latissimus dorsi muscle

A

a broad sheetlike muscle located on the back

38
Q

teres major muscle

A

proximal attachment on the axillary border of the scapula

39
Q

supraspinatus muscle

A

originates above the spine of the scapula in the supraspinatus fossa of the scapula

40
Q

infraspinatus muscle

A

lies below the spine of the scapula in the infraspinatous fossa

41
Q

teres minor muscle

A

closely related to the infraspinatus muscle in both anatomical location and function

42
Q

subscapularis muscle

A

gets its name from its location, it is located deep on the underside of the scapula, lying next to the rib cage

43
Q

sits muscles

A

muscles of rotator cuff, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, ans subscapularis

44
Q

coracobrachialis muscle

A

derives name from attachment on the coracoid process of the scapula and on the humerus

45
Q

biceps muscle

A

name originates by two heads on the scapula, crosses the shoulder and elbow joints to insert on the radius.assistive mover at shoulder joint

46
Q

triceps muscle

A

has three heads, but only long head crosses the shoulder joint, assistive mover at shoulder joint

47
Q

shoulder girdle muscles

A

originate on the trunk and insert on the scapula, causing either movement or stabilization of the scapula

48
Q

shoulder joint muscles

A

tend to originate on the scapula, or trunk and insert on the humerus, or forearm causing movement of the shoulder joint.

49
Q

humeral head fracture

A

usually caused by fall on the outstretched hand

50
Q

midhumeral fracture

A

usually caused by a direct blow, or twisting

51
Q

radial nerve injury

A

spiral fractures in the humeral area increase risk of

52
Q

pathological fractures of humerus

A

may be caused by benign tumors or metastatic carcinoma from primary sites such as lung, breast, kidney, or prostate

53
Q

shoulder dislocation

A

one of the most common sites, anterior shoulder dislocations

54
Q

shoulder anterior dislocating motion

A

a forced shoulder abduction and lateral rotation cause the humeral head to slide anteriorly out of the glenoid fossa

55
Q

glenohumeral subluxation

A

commonly seen in individuals who have hemiplegia, usually from a cerebrovascular accident (stroke)

56
Q

impingement syndrom

A

an overuse condition that involves compression between the acromial arch, the humeral head, and soft tissue structures. These soft tissues include the coracoacromial ligament, rotator cuff muscles, long head of the biceps, and subacromial bursa.

57
Q

swimmer’s shoulder

A

a type of impingement common with swimmers specializing in freestyle, butterfly, and backstroke

58
Q

adhesive capsulitis

A

refers to the inflammation of the fibrosis of the shoulder joint capsule, which leads to pain and loss of shoulder range of motion.

59
Q

adhesive capsulitis

A

also known as frozen shoulder

60
Q

torn rotator cuff

A

involves the distal tendinous insertion of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis on the greater/lesser tubercule area of the humerus

61
Q

labral tear

A

involves damage to the glenoid labrum, it can have a degenerative or traumatic etiology and results in pain and limited motion in the shoulder joint.

62
Q

inflammation of the supraspinatus tendon

A

can lead to an accumulation of mineral deposits and result in calcific tendonitis, which may be asymptomatic or quite painful

63
Q

bicipital tendonitis

A

usually involves the long head of the biceps proximally as it crosses the humeral head, changes direction, and descends into the bicipital groove.A rupture of the biceps long head tendon commonly occurs during repetitive or forceful overhead positions

64
Q

subluxing of the bicipital tendon

A

overloading the muscle in an abducted and laterally rotated position tends to be the force subluxing the tendon out of the bicipital groove.

Kinesiology (15 decks)

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