Respiratory

Question 1

What is a beta 2 adrenergic agonist

Answer 1

Relaxes muscles in airway for bronchodilation
Short acting preparation
-albuterol
-levalbuterol

Question 2

What are anticholinergics

Answer 2

Block acetylcholine and cause bronchodilation and increase effects of beta2

Question 3

What is usually the cause of bronchiolitis

Answer 3

RSV

Question 4

Who usually gets bronchiolitis

Answer 4

Children younger than 2

Peak is 3-6 months

Question 5

What is the most common viral illness in kids

Answer 5

Croup

Question 6

Who gets croup

Answer 6

Infants/toddlers
Peak 6 months- 3 years
Rare after 6 years

Question 7

Most common cause of croup

Answer 7

Parainfluenza

Question 8

What may you expect if a child has a barking cough, strider, and steeple sign

Answer 8

Croup

Question 9

What is indicated by cherry red epiglottis

Answer 9

Acute epiglotitis

Question 10

What bacteria may cause epiglotitis

Answer 10

Haemophilus influenzae B (vaccine in 1980)
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus A, B, and C

Question 11

What age group is affected by acute tracheitis

Answer 11

Rare disease

Kids younger than 16

Question 12

What organism causes acute tracheitis

Answer 12

Staphylococcus (MRSA)

Usually preceded by URI

Question 13

How will chest X-RAY look different for viral vs bacterial pneumonia

Answer 13

Viral has bilateral infiltrates

Bacterial has lobar involvement

Question 14

Normal amount of fluid in pleural space

Answer 14

10ml

Question 15

What is virchows triad

Answer 15

Risk factors for PE:
Hypercoaguability
Vessel wall injury
Stasis

Question 16

What constitutes flail chest

Answer 16

At least two fractures per rib in 3 or more ribs

Question 17

Which ribs are most commonly fractured

Answer 17

4-9

Question 18

What is pneumonitis

Answer 18

Aspiration of gastric contents (non-infectious)