Chapter 13

Question 1

Name the 5 types of sensory receptors

Answer 1

chemoreceptors
nocicereceptros
thermoreceptors
mechanoreceptors
photoreceptors

Question 2

Each type of receptor is most sensitive to a distinct type of ____

Answer 2

stimulus

Question 3

What are sensations?

Answer 3

sensations are feelings resulting from sensory stimulation

Question 4

General senses are associated with receptors found where? (4)

Answer 4

skin
muscles
joints
viscera

Question 5

List the 4 general senses

Answer 5

touch
pressure
temperature
pain

Question 6

List the 5 special senses

Answer 6

smell
taste
hearing
equilibrium
sight

Question 7

Where are special sense receptors found?

Answer 7

large complex sensory organs of the head

Question 8

Olfactory organs consist of receptors and supporting cells and can be found in which cavity?

Answer 8

the nasal cavity

Question 9

Taste receptors consist of taste cells + supporting cells, what can they detect?

Answer 9

sweetness
sourness
saltiness
biterness
umami

Question 10

Which two parts of the ear work together to receive vibrations which are perceived as sounds

Answer 10

outer, inner and middle ear

Question 11

Describe the outer ear

Answer 11

-consists of auricle, external acoustic meatus + ear drum (tympanic membrane)

Question 12

Describe the middle ear

Answer 12

-contains auditory ossicles and is connected to the throat

Question 13

Describe the inner ear

Answer 13

is important to establish the sense of equilibrium

• contains chambers + tubes that form its bony labyrinth which lies above a membranous labyrinth
• semicircular canals aid equilibrium, cochlea air hearing

Question 14

What is static equilibrium?

Answer 14

the position of the head is sensed while head and body are still

Question 15

The sense of equilibrium consists of ____ + ____ equilibrium

Answer 15

static and dynamic equilibrium

Question 16

What is dynamic equilibrium?

Answer 16

motion is detected when head and body move or rotate, aiding in balance

Question 17

What is the dominant sense?

Answer 17

sight

Question 18

Discuss the 3 layers of the eye

Answer 18

• outer layer, transparent cornea, fibrous + anterior bulging forwards
• cornea and lens of each eye refract light waves to focus an image on the retina, which transmits visual perceptions to the brain

Question 19

Describe the outer layer of the eye

Answer 19

mostly made up of white colored sclera

Question 20

Describe the middle layer of the eye

Answer 20

called the uvea
vascular and includes the choroid coat, ciliary body + iris
lens is held in place by suspensory ligaments behind the iris and pupil

Question 21

Describe the inner layer of the eye

Answer 21

Nervous layer
consists of the retina + its millions of photoreceptors
when light waves bend to focus, the phenomenon is called refraction
photoreceptors known as rods provide vision in dim light without color
other photoreceptors called cones provide colour vision