Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm > Drugs affecting autonomic nervous system > Flashcards

Drugs affecting autonomic nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

Autonomic nervous system 4 classes of drugs

A
  1. turn on sympathetic nervous system (Adrenergic)
    - beta agonist
    - alpha agonist
  2. turn off sympathetic nervous system (anti-adrenergic)
    - beta blocker
    - alpha blocker
  3. turn on para-sympathetic nervous system (cholinergics)
    - muscarinics
    - “makes everything wetter”
  4. Turn off para-sympathetic nervous system
    - musarinic blockers
    - “dries everything up”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sympathetic nervous system =

A

fight or flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

parasympathetic nervous system =

A

rest and digest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

an example of medication that affects the body as stimulating (turning on) the sympathetic nervous system

A

also can be called:

  • sympathomimetic
  • adrenergic
  • alpha and beta adrenergic agonists
    ex: epinephrine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

examples of medications that affect body as blocking or opposing (ie. turn off) the sympathetic nervous system

A

also can be called:

  • sympatholytic
  • anti-adrenergic
  • alpha and beta-adrenergic blocking drugs
    ex: clonidine, propanolol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

examples of medications that affect the body as stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system

A

can be called:

  • parasympathetic
  • cholinomimetic
  • cholinergic
  • ex: neostigmine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

examples of medications that affect the body as blocking or opposing the parasympathetic nervous system

A

can be called:

  • parasympatholytic
  • anticholinergic
  • cholinergic blocking
  • example: atropine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mechanism of action for Alpha 1 adrenergic drugs

A

vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

mechanism of action for Beta 1 adrenergic drugs

A

cardiac stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mechanism of action for Beta 2 adrenergic drugs

A

vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Indications for use of adrenergic drugs:

A
  • emergency drugs used in treatment of cardiovascular, respiratory and allergic disorders
  • cardiac stimulants and increase blood pressure
  • bronchodilation and decrease nasal congestion
  • vasconstriction of respiratory tract, skin and other tissues to relive edema
  • relaxation of uterus and inhibition of contractions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

contraindications to use of adrenergic drugs

A

cardiac dysrythmias, angina, hypertension, hyperthyroidism and CV disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Epinephrine (Adrenalin):

A

Increases BP, vasodilation and increased blood flow to skeletal muscles, heart and brain. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle (ie. for asthma attack)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tx of anaphlylaxis

A

epinephrine is drug of choice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tx of cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A

vasopressin over epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tx of Hypotension and shock:

A

vasopressor drug therapy to maintain tissue perfusion

17
Q

Tx of nasal congestion

A

pseudoephedrine

18
Q

Assess for drug interactions: epinephrine and phenylephrine interact

A

with MAOI’s -> severe hypertension

19
Q

Anti-adrenergic drugs indications for use

A
  • to decrease or block the effects of SNS stimulation. Suppress stimulation and retain physiological response to stress.
20
Q

Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs:

Prototype: Propranolol

A
  • decrease cardiac motility, cardiac output, heart rate, bp

- other uses: migraine prophylaxis, stage fright, hyperthyroidism symptoms, esophageal varices

21
Q

Beta blockers used for

A
  • hypertension
  • anti-anginal
  • prevention of MI or re-infarction
22
Q

Cardio selective agents (Beta 1 selective agents)

A
  • preferred usage in clients with diabetes, PVD and asthma

- Note: leads to bradycardia, hold if HR is less than 60

23
Q

Labetalol and carvedilol block alpha 1, beta 1, and beta 2 to contribute to antihypertiensicve effects

A

may cause less bradycardia, but more postural hypotension

24
Q

what family of drugs has an adverse effect of interference of glycogenolysis

A

Non-selective beta blockers

non-selective beta blockers adverse effects: bronchoconstriction , peripheral vasoconstriction, interference with glycogenolysis

25
Q

Cholinergic drugs:

acetlycholine..

A

..stimulates salivary and gastric glands; gut to increase peristalsis; relaxation of sphincters to facilitate movement of feces and flatus

26
Q

Direct acting cholinergics

A
  • decrease heart rate, vasodilation and unpredictable changes in blood pressure
  • increase tone and contractility of GI smooth muscle
  • increase tone and contractility of smooth muscle in urinary bladder and relaxation of sphincter
27
Q

Indirect acting cholinergics.. example of one used for treatment of Alzheimers disease

A

Donepezil

28
Q

Indications for use of cholinergic drugs:

A

-urinary retention due to bladder atony - Bethanechol (Duviod)

29
Q

Anti-cholinergic drugs: Atropine

A

-atropine is the antidote for a cholinergic crisis

30
Q

Mechanism of action anti-cholinergic drugs

A
  • occupy receptor sites at PNS nerve endings, leaving few free to respond to acetlycholine
  • CNS- stimulation followed by depression
  • heart rate- increased
  • bronchodilation and decreased respiratory tract secretions
  • antispasomodic effects on GI
31
Q

Anti-cholinergic drugs. indications for use:

A
  • parkinson’s disease

- anticholinesterase toxicity, mushroom poisoning or organ phosphate pesticide poisoning

32
Q

atropine

A

antidote for cholinergic overdose

33
Q

Ipratropium (atrovent)

A

bronchodilator (inhaled)

34
Q

Titotropium bromide

A

treatment of COPD

35
Q

Centrally acting anticholinergics:

Benzotropine (cogentin):

A

treats acute dystonic reactions

36
Q

Urinary antispasmodics:

Oxybutynin (Ditropan and Ditropan XL)

A
  • direct antispasmodics effects, increases bladder capacity and decreases voiding
  • used for neurological conditions like spinal bifida
37
Q

renal or biliary colic ______ given

A

atropine given with morphine to reduce pain of renal and biliary colic

38
Q

Extrapyradmidal reactions, anticholingergics prescribed only if

A

symptomatic

39
Q

Anti-cholinergic overdose symptom:

A

-hyperthermia, delirium, tachycardia, myclonic movements and choreoathetosis may be seen

Pharm (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions