Introduction to life Flashcards
Active learning
Name 7 characteristics of a living organism
- Evolutionary aptations
- Response to environment
- Reproduction
- Growth and development
- Energy processing
- Regulation
- Order
What are “Evolutionary adaptations”? Give an example.
Advantages one develops i order to survive.
ex. Camouflage
What is a response to the environment?
Give an example.
How a body reacts to its surrounding.
ex. The Venus fly trap closing when a fly gets near it
Types of transfer of energy
- Anabolism (consumes energy to synthesize a complex molecule)
- Catabolism (Releases energy by breaking down complex molecules)
- Metabolism (totality of an organism’s chemical reactions)
Homeostatsis
Steady-state physiological condition of the body
Properties of water
- Cohesive behaviour
- Ability to moderate temperature
- Expansion upon freezing
- Versatility as a solvent
Main large molecules
Macromolecules:
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Nucleic acid
Not macromolecule:
- Lipids
Dehydration reaction
When two molecules bonded covalently and a molecule of water is lost
Hydrolysis
When a larger molecule is broken down to two smaller molecule by adding water
Carbohydrate
- Sugars and polymers of sugars
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides
Glycosidic linkage
dehaydration reaction that bonds two monosaccharides
Uses of carbohydrates
- Storage polysaccharides
- Structural polysaccharides
Storage polysaccharides
- Plants storesugar as starch
- Animals store carbs as glycogen
Starch
Where plants store sugars
- Amylose (simple, unbranched)
- Amylopectin (branched)
ex. Cellulose
Glycogen
- Where animals keep their carbs
- Looks similar to amylopectin but even more branched
- Foud in liver and muscle cells