Inorganic Chemistry

Question 1

reactions of group 2 metals w/ oxygen

Answer 1

2M + o2—-> 2MO

Question 2

reactions of group 2 metals w/ chlorine

Answer 2

M + cl2—-> MCl2

Question 3

reactions of group 2 metals w/ water

Answer 3

M+ H2O—–> M(OH)2 + H2

Question 4

reaction of Mg w/ steam

Answer 4

Mg + H2O(g)—–> MO + H2

Question 5

Test for SO4 ions

Answer 5

Add dilute HCL (to remove any carbonates)
Add Ba(NO3)2
If a white ppt forms- sulfate ions are present

Question 6

Trend of group 2 hydroxides down the group

Answer 6

Get more soluble in water

Question 7

Trend of group 2 sulfates down the group

Answer 7

Get less soluble in water

Question 8

Trend of group 2 ionisation energy down the group and why

Answer 8

Decreases down the group-
Higher nuclear charge counteracted by:
Increased nuclei radius
Increase shielding effect

Question 9

Trend of group 2 reactivity down the group

Answer 9

increases down the group

Question 10

reaction of group 2 metal oxides/ hydroxides with dilute acids

Answer 10

forms metal salts and water (neutralisation reaction)

Question 11

lesser decomposition of metal nitrates

Answer 11

2M(NO3)2——–> 2MNO2 + 2O2

Question 12

greater decomposition of metal nitrates

Answer 12

2M(NO3)2——-> 2MO +4NO2 + O2

Question 13

decomposition of metal carbonates

Answer 13

MCO3—–>MO +CO2

Question 14

description of Cl2

Answer 14

Green gas

Question 15

description of Br2

Answer 15

orange liquid

Question 16

description of I2

Answer 16

black solid which can sublime to purple fumes

Question 17

How to carry out a flame test

Answer 17

dip nichrome wire into concentrated HCl and dip into metal solid and place into burning flame and observe the colour

Question 18

Colour of Li+

Answer 18

red

Question 19

Colour of Na+

Answer 19

yellow

Question 20

Colour of K+

Answer 20

lilac

Question 21

colour of Rb+

Answer 21

red

Question 22

colour of Cs+

Answer 22

blue

Question 23

colour of Be 2+

Answer 23

no colour

Question 24

colour of Mg2+

Answer 24

no colour

Question 25

colour of Ca2+

Answer 25

brick red

Question 26

colour of Sr 2+

Answer 26

crimson red

Question 27

colour of Ba2+

Answer 27

apple green

Question 28

test for NH4+

Answer 28

add OH- to sample

should produce NH3 which can turn damp red litmus paper blue

Question 29

trend of melting/ boiling points of halogens down the group

Answer 29

increases due to increase in number of electrons= stronger London forces

Question 30

tests for ammonia

Answer 30

add HCl to produce NH4Cl and white smoke should be produced

should turn damp red litmus paper blue

Question 31

why does HF have a larger boiling temperature than other group 7 hydrides?

Answer 31

HF has the largest electronegativity difference
HF is the only one that can form hydrogen bonds
Intermolecular forces are stronger

Question 32

Reaction of Cl2 and water

Answer 32

Cl2 + H2O——> HCl + HClO

Question 33

Reaction of Cl2 and cold, dilute NaOH

Answer 33

Cl2 + 2NaOH—-> NaCl + NaClO + H2O

Question 34

Reaction between Cl2 and hot concentrated NaOH

Answer 34

3Cl2 + 6NaOH——> 5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O

Question 35

how do metal cations show colour?

Answer 35

when electrons gain thermal energy, they are promoted to a higher energy level
when the electrons demote back to ground state, they emit photons of visible light

Question 36

why do some metal cations not show colour?

Answer 36

the emitted radiation is not the visible light region

Question 37

Reactions of carbonates with hydrochloric acid

XCO3- +2HCl—->

Answer 37

XCl2+ H2O + CO3

Question 38

Colour of Cl in cyclohexane

Answer 38

No colour

Question 39

Colour of Br in cyclohexane

Answer 39

Orange

Question 40

Colour of cyclohexane in iodine

Answer 40

Purple

Question 41

Colour of Cl in water

Answer 41

Colourless

Question 42

Colour of bromine in water

Answer 42

Yellow/orange

Question 43

Colour of iodine in water

Answer 43

Brown

Question 44

Reaction of Cl with sulphuric acid

Answer 44

Not a redox reaction

Produces KCl + H2SO4—> KHSO4 + HCl