England Under Richard Flashcards
What happened in July 1189?
Richard became King
What happened in December 1189?
Richard left England for France
What happened in 1190?
Richard departed on crusade, appointing Longchamp as justiciar
What happened in 1191?
John arrived in England, stirred up rebellions and seized some castles
Longchamp was deposed in October and replaced by Walter of Coutances
What happened in 1192?
Richard was captured
What happened in 1193?
John paid homage to Philip 11
John seized more castles in England, declared Richard dead and himself King
Hubert Walter becomes justiciar
What happened in 1194?
Richard returned to England, took control and then left for France again
What happened in 1198?
Geoffrey Fitz Peter becomes justiciar
What happened in 1199?
Richard is killed in France
Who was William Longchamp?
He was norman and English barons felt they knew English government better than him
He had paid Richard to make him chancellor
He replaced many sheriffs appointed by Richard with his own men
The English barons felt he was arrogant and didn’t treat them with respect or consult them on important matters
Why was Longchamp deposed?
In October 1191, he was deposed after leading barons joined with prince John in rebellion against him
Richard sent Walter of Coutances to become the new justiciar, but prince John continued to cause problems
How did John rebel?
Set up his own court, hired sheriffs to collect taxes for him and seized control of several castles.
After hearing of Richard’s capture, John attempted to seize the throne
He paid homage to Philip for Richard’s lands in France
He returned to England, seized more castles and declared that Richard was dead and he was King
Coutances met with leading barons believed Richard was alive and payed the ransom
In 1194 after Richard’s release, John surrendered the castles and begged for mercy
Who was Hubert Walter?
Worked for Henry 11 and was respected by most barons
Served Richard well on crusade and was made Archbishop of Canterbury in 1193
Appointed justiciar in December 1193 and resigned in 1198 after falling ill
Replaced by Geoffrey Fitz Peter
Richard was close and stayed in touch with Walter
Chose 4 Knights in each hundred ( an area within a shire) to deal with justice in an area
