Module 11

Question 1

Slash-and-burn

Answer 1

An agricultural technique that involves the cutting and burning of plants on a forests or woodlands to create fields

Question 2

Habitat fragmentation

Answer 2

Dividing large ecosystems into smaller, more isolated areas

Question 3

Biological extinction

Answer 3

Occurs when a species is no longer found in any ecosystem on earth

Question 4

Endangered species

Answer 4

Describes organisms whose population size has decreased to such a low level that they are at an extremen risk of becoming extinct

Question 5

Threatened species

Answer 5

Describes organisms that could potentialllu become endangered in the future

Question 6

U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973

Answer 6

Identifies and provides protection for organisms that are at risk for extinction

Question 7

Convention of international trade in Endangered Species

Answer 7

Places bans on selling, hunting, or capturing threatened or endangered species

Question 8

Bycatch

Answer 8

One result of overfishing practices

Question 9

Long line fishing

Answer 9

Up to 80 miles of fishing line is strung out in the water with thousands of baited hooks then hauled in to catch swordfish, tuna, and shark.

Question 10

Pure seine fishing

Answer 10

A net is used to surround a large school of fish then closed at the surface like a purse to haul in fish

Question 11

Drift net fishing

Answer 11

A net is set to hang in the water from the surface to as far as 50 feet below the surface to catch fish

Question 12

Trawler fishing

Answer 12

Large metal chain baskets, holding nets, are dragged across the ocean floor scouring the bottom for shrimp, scallops, and flounder

Question 13

Whaling

Answer 13

Harvesting whales

Question 14

Marine mammal protection act of 1972

Answer 14

Prohibits any United States citizen from harassing, hunting, or killing any marine animals.

Question 15

Cultural eutrophication

Answer 15

An increase in water fertility due to anthropogenic inputs of nutrients

Question 16

National wild & Scenic Rivers Act of 1968

Answer 16

Protects wild and scenic rivers from damming, widening, dredging, or filling

Question 17

Old growth forest

Answer 17

A forest that has not been modified by human activities or natural disasters in 200 years or more

Question 18

Secondary growth forest

Answer 18

A forest that forms from secondary succession

Question 19

Tree plantations

Answer 19

Tree farm

Question 20

Deforestation

Answer 20

Removes large tracts of forested land for fuel wood, agriculture, or urban development.

Question 21

Clear cutting

Answer 21

A type of logging practice that removes all trees in one area at one time

Question 22

Selective cutting

Answer 22

A type of logging practice that removes mature or intermediate-age trees selectively from forested areas that have an uneven age tree community

Question 23

Strip cutting

Answer 23

A type of logging practice that involves removing an entire crop of trees along the contour of the land, in a narrow corridor, allowing for natural regeneration of the trees

Question 24

Crown fire

Answer 24

A difficult to control forest fires

Question 25

Healthy forest act

Answer 25

This act allows for timber companies to remove medium-size commercially valuable trees to thin forest at risk for fires

Question 26

Rangelands

Answer 26

Wide-open, non-restricted areas for grazing by grass-eating and shrub-eating livestock.

Question 27

Pastures

Answer 27

Fenced areas that are maintained by ranchers through planting of domesticated grasses or shrubs

Question 28

Overgrazing

Answer 28

Occurs when the number of livestock animals exceeds the carrying capacity for that rangeland, thereby depleting the grass cover

Question 29

Rotational grazing

Answer 29

A sustainable grazing method