B Complex Vitamins: Energy Metabolism

Question 1

What are the 8 b complex vitamins?

Answer 1

Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid, Vitamin B6, Biotin, Folate, Cobalamin

Question 2

What do B vitamins do?

Answer 2

helpers, act as coenzymes

have both coenzyme and non-coenzyme roles

Question 3

What are the three types of b complex vitamins

Answer 3

energy releasing, hematopoietic and other

Question 4

Function of Thiamin

Answer 4

Dietary thiamin is converted to the active form thiamin pyrophosphate
Functions:
-decarboxylase reactions
-transmission of nerve impulses
-forms pentoses for dnarna synthesis

Question 5

RDA and sources of thiamin

Answer 5

RDA: 1.2 men, 1.1 women

pork is richest natural source, enriched grain

Question 6

Toxicity and Deficiency of Thiamin

Answer 6

Wet beriberi: affects cv system
Dry beriberi: affects nervous system
Wernicke korsakoff syndrome

Question 7

Riboflavin overview

Answer 7

• light sensitive vitamin
• flavin mononucleotide
• flavin adenine dinucleotide
  functions: energy metabolism, covnersion of some other b vitamins to active forms

Question 8

Riboflavin RDA, sources

Answer 8

men: 1.3, women 1.1

dietary sources: dairy, enriched cereals, spinach, mushrooms

Question 9

Riboflavin toxicity and deficiency

Answer 9

no ul, excreted in urine
Ariboflavinosis is rare and usually in combo with other deficiency
sore throat, mouth swelling

Question 10

Niacin

Answer 10

nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, can be made from tryptophan,

60 mg of tryptophan is 1 mg of niacine

Question 11

functions of niacin

Answer 11

energy metabolism, synthesize fat and cholesterol

Question 12

RDA and sources of niacin

Answer 12

men: 16, women: 14

enriched whole grain breads and cereals, protein rich foods

Question 13

niacin deficiency and toxicity

Answer 13

UL is 35 mg day to prevent flushing
Pellagra: niacin deficiency disease
4 Ds

Question 14

Pantothenic Acid

Answer 14

component of coenzyme A

found in virtually all foods

Question 15

Pantothenic Acid RDA, toxicity, deficiency

Answer 15

5 mg day
no toxicities
most common deficiency when other deficiencies are present

Question 16

B6 bby

Answer 16

functions with over 100 enzymes

most involved in protein metabolism

Question 17

RDA and sources of B6

Answer 17

males: 1.3 to 1.7
females: 1.3-1.5
sources: legumes, meat, fish poultry, nuts, peanut butter

Question 18

B6 deficiency and toxicity

Answer 18

UL is 100mg per day to prevent nerve damage

Deficiency symptoms include sore tongue, skin inflammation, depression, confusion

Question 19

Biotin bby

Answer 19

functions as a covalently bound cofactor to enzymes and other molecules
can be made in large intestine, stored in small amounts in liver
5 enzymes require it

Question 20

Biotin AI and toxicity/deficiency

Answer 20

30 ug/d
biotin
no toxicity reported
deficiency is rare but serious: dermatitis, hair loss, neurological abnormalities