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Child Health > Paediatrics in General Practice > Flashcards

Paediatrics in General Practice Flashcards

1
Q

List the challenges of paediatric presentations in GP

A 
Undifferentiated illness
Lack of access to investigation 
Dealing with uncertainty 
Lack of team 
Only have 10 mins to get it right
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2
Q

List some common presentations of neonates in GP

A

Jaundice - UTI, hypothyroidism, galactosaemic, breast milk jaundice etc

Vomiting - reflux, pyloric stenosis, sepsis etc
Failure to thrive - often a feeding issue
Sepsis

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3
Q

What is the definition of prolonged jaundice

A

Jaundice lasting up to 14 days in a full-term baby or 21 days in a pre-term

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4
Q

What are the 4 most common paediatric respiratory symptoms that present to GP

A

Cold
Infant not feeding
Cough
Wheeze

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5
Q

List common respiratory problems in children

A 
Bronchiolitis 
Croup 
Viral URTI 
Asthma - new or exacerbated 
Acute tonsillitis
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6
Q

What is bronchiolitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchioles
Caused by RSV
Can occur after a cold
Gives you a wheezy baby

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7
Q

List rare respiratory problems in children

A 
CF 
Acute epiglottitis 
Pneumonia 
Foreign body 
Cardiac causes 
Malignancy
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8
Q

Why is epiglottitis rare these days

A

Use of the HiB vaccine

Haemophilus influenza is the most common cause of epiglottitis but now immunised against it

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9
Q

List some clinical signs of respiratory issues in children

A

Cyanosis
High RR
Nasal flaring/ intercostal or subcostal recession
Wheeze/stridor/cough
Pulse oximetry
Abnormality on percussion or auscultation

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10
Q

How does the normal respiratory rate in children differ from adults

A

Much higher

e.g. normal for an under one to have RR of 30-40

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11
Q

List some common GI symptoms that kids present to their GP with

A 
Abdominal Pain
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Nausea 
Constipation
Poor school attendance
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12
Q

What are the most common causes of GI problems in kids

A 
Gastroenteritis 
UTI
Constipation 
Appendicitis 
Volvulus and intussusception in young kids 
Torsion in older kids 
Coeliac
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13
Q

What MSK symptoms do kids often present to their GP with

A

Painful joint(s)
Limp
Trauma

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14
Q

List common causes of joint pain in children

A 
Inflammatory arthritis
Perthes disease
Slipped femoral epiphyses
Osgood slatters
Growing pains
Bone tumours
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15
Q

List common causes of limps in children

A

DDH

Perthes

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16
Q

What is Osgood Slatters

A

Condition seen in young active boys
Present with localised knee pain around the attachment of the patellar tendon
Gets better with rest

17
Q

Describe Scarlet Fever

A

Infection caused by strep
Causes florid rash on trunk, diffuse rash on the face and a white then red tongue (strawberry tongue)
Treated with penicillin

18
Q

Describe hand foot and mouth

A

Caused by coxsackie virus
Painful lesions in the mouth so children often wont eat
Papules on the hands and feet

19
Q

What is checked at the childhood development screening at 6-8 weeks

A

Red light reflex - checks for congenital retinoblastoma
Hips
Genitalia
Femoral pulse

20
Q

List some red flags for sepsis in kids

A 
Difficult to rouse 
Weak, high or continuous cry 
Grunting or apnoea's 
Severe tachypnoea 
Severe tachy or bradycardia 
Low urine output 
Non-blanching rash 
Cyanosis 
Temp <36C or more than 38C
21
Q

If a young child has a temperature over 38C what do you do

A

Send straight to hospital as this is a major red flag

22
Q

List amber flags for sepsis

A 
Parent concerned 
Not smiling 
Very sleepy/inactive 
Moderate tachycardia/tachypnoea
Cap refill >3 secs 
Pale or flushed 
Leg pain 
Cold extremities
23
Q

What is intussusception

A

When part of the bowel ‘telescopes’ into itself

24
Q

List the differentials for a young child who is vomiting but otherwise okay

A 
Viral/bacterial gastroenteritis 
Intussusception
Volvulus
Incarcerated hernia
Infantile colic

Child Health (14 decks)

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