B8.058 Hypothyroidism

Question 1

histo of Hashimoto

Answer 1

thyroid architecture distorted by numerous infiltrating lymphocytes and plasma cells
lymphoid follicles prominent
glandular thyroid follicles smaller than normal, lined by swollen eosinophilic cells
many follicles contain histiocytes and multinucleated foreign body type giant cells

Question 2

pathophysiology of Hashimoto

Answer 2

disease associated with release of previously sequestered antigen (thyroglobulin)
release of globulins from the gland may be secondary to a primary inflammatory process
Abs to thyroglobulin can usually be detected in the blood and locally in the gland

Question 3

characterize follicular adenomas

Answer 3

discrete, solitary masses

derived from follicular epithelium

Question 4

do follicular adenomas cause cancer?

Answer 4

not usually, but a small subset of follicular carcinomas arise in preexisting adenomas

Question 5

functionality of follicular adenomas

Answer 5

vast majority are nonfunctional

small subset produces TH and causes clinical thyrotoxicosis

Question 6

histo of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

Answer 6

cords, nests, and irregular groups of polyhedral cells lying in a dense hyaline stroma
calcitonin identified by immunoperoxidase techniques
amyloid in stroma derived from calcitonin peptides