Biochemistry: Defieincies

Question 1

Cofactors (coenzymes) for enzymatic reactions and are therefore essential components of may biochemical reactions necessary for cell survival

Answer 1

Vitamins

Question 2

Water soluble vitamins

Answer 2

B1
B12
C
Folic acid

Question 3

Disorders of Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

Answer 3

Beriberi: peripheral nerve damage that manifests as severe muscle weakness and wasting that leads to delirium, memory loss, oculomotor paralysis and heart failure

Wernickes-Korsakoff syndrome

Thiamine injection helps

Question 4

B1 depletion

Answer 4

Is not stored in the body, levels may be depleted in 14 days if not replenished through diet

Question 5

Deficiency of B2 (riboflavin)

Answer 5

Cracking ofskin and corners of mouth
Seborrheic dermatitis
Magenta tongue
Most common in alcoholics

Question 6

Vitamin B3 deficiency (niacin)

Answer 6

Pellagra: chronic niacin deficiency usuall seen in conditions of poverty, malnutrition, and chronic alcoholism. Diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia

Question 7

Vit B6 deficiency (pyridoxine)

Answer 7

Most common in alcoholics, but may be associated with oral contraceptives
Fatigue, depression, impaired growth, and seizures

Question 8

Vit B12 deficiency (cobalamin)

Answer 8

Pernicious anemia: AI disorder that destroys parietal cells causing loss of production of intrinsic factor necessary for B12 absorption

Question 9

What is the most common deficiency in the world

Answer 9

B12

Question 10

Antioxidants

Answer 10

A,C,E,Zinc

AREDS I
-ACE Zinc
AREDS II
-no beta carotene (A)
-decreased zinc

Question 11

Vitamin C deficiency (ascorbic acid)

Answer 11

Scurvy

CT problems

Question 12

What is the most common deficncy in the US

Answer 12

Folic acid

Question 13

Deficiency of folic acid

Answer 13

Spina bifida
Anencephaly
Megaloblastic anemia 
Direeha
 Glossitis

Question 14

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 14

DEAK

Question 15

Vitamin D (calciferol) defieicny

Answer 15

Rickets in kids and osteomalcia in adults

Question 16

Vitamin D in excess

Answer 16

Sarcoidosis exacerbation

Question 17

What is the most toxic fat soluble vitamin

Answer 17

D

Question 18

What is the least toxic fat soluble vitamin

Answer 18

E

Easy on the body

Question 19

Deficiency of vitamin E

Answer 19

Hemolysis

Neurological symptoms in infants

Question 20

Vitamin A deficiency

Answer 20

Night blindness
Xerophthalmia
Bitot spits
Keratomalacia

Question 21

Too much vit A

Answer 21

Diplopia
Nystagmus
Nerve palsy’s
Papilledema

Question 22

Which clotting factors need vitamin K

Answer 22

2,7,9,10

Question 23

Vit K deficiency

Answer 23

Clotting disorders with excessive hemorrhaging

Question 24

Most common deficiency in newborns

Answer 24

Vi K

Question 25

Early cataracts

Answer 25

Mr Wilson is MAD

• Wilson’s
• myotonic dystrophy
• atopic dermatitis
• DM