Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CM - Control > Practical 1 - Brain, meninges and blood supply > Flashcards

Practical 1 - Brain, meninges and blood supply Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the pre-central gyrus?

A

Primary motor cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the post-central gyrus.

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the name of the dural septum extending between the two cerebral hemispheres.

A

Falx cerebri

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the name of the dural septum that extends between the occipital lobes of the hemisphere and the cerebellum?

A

Tentorium cerebelli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define rostral.

A

Towards the head end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define caudal

A

Towards the tail end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is meant by the term nucleus?

A

a collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is meant by the term tract?

A

A bundle of nerve fibres (axons) within the CNS connecting neighbouring or
distant nuclei of the cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a ganglion?

A

A collection of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS. There are both motor
(autonomic) and sensory ganglia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which subdivisions of the brain make of the forebrain/cerebrum?

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the divisions of the brain stem?

A

Midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the corpus callosum?

A

White matter bridge between cerebral hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the pre-central gyrus?

A

Primary motor cortex.

  • highest level in brain for control of movement of the opposite half of body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the post-central gyrus?

A

Primary somatosensory cortex.

  • termination of pathways carrying the modalities of touch,
    pressure, pain and temperature from the opposite half of the body.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What structures are linked by the middle cerebellar peduncle?

A

Pons and cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the name of the dural septum extending between the two cerebral hemispheres?

A

Falx cerebri

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the name of the dural septum that extends between the occipital lobes of the hemisphere and the cerebellum?

A

Tentorium cerebelli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which dural venous sinuses run along the lines of attachment of the dura septae to the skull?

A

Superior saggital sinus runs along the falx cerebri.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the function of the arachnoid villi?

A

Allow CSF to exit the subarachnoid space and enter the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which vessel provides the arterial supply to the dura mater?

A

Middle meningeal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the most common cause of an extradural haematoma?

A

Injured middle meningeal artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which two pairs of blood vessels provide the arterial supply to the brain?

A

Vertebral (posteriorly) and internal carotid (anteriorly).

23
Q

Describe the course the vertebral artery takes as it ascends into the skull.

A

Crosses from the first part of each subclavian artery in the lower neck and passes superiorly through the transverse foramina of the upper 6 cervical vertebra. On entering the the cranial cavity each vertebral artery gives a small meningeal branch.

24
Q

Describe the course the carotid arteries take as they enter the skull.

A

The internal carotid arteries arise as one of the two terminal branches of the common carotid. They proceed superiorly to the base of the skull where they enter the carotid canal.

25
Q

What vessels feed the Circle of Willis, which surrounds the diencephalon at the base of the brain.

A

Basilar and internal carotid.

26
Q

What is the functional significance of the circle of Willis?

A

Creates redundancies/collaterals in cerebral circulation.

27
Q

What areas of the cerebrum are supplied by the anterior cerebral artery?

A
  • Medial surface of the parietal lobe
  • Superior surface of parietal lobe
  • Anterior surface of frontal lobe
  • Medial surface of frontal lobe
28
Q

What areas of the cerebrum are supplied by the middle cerebral artery.

A
  • Most of the lateral surface of the parietal lobe
  • Some of the lateral surface of the frontal lobe
  • Some of the lateral surface of the occipital lobe
  • Some of the medial surface of the temporal lobe
29
Q

What areas of the cerebrum are supplied by the posterior cerebral artery?

A
  • Some of the lateral surface of the temporal lobe
  • Some of the lateral surface of the occipital lobe
  • Posterior surface of the occipital lobe
  • Medial part of occipital lobe
  • Small part of posterior surface of parietal lobe
  • Medial part of temporal lobe
30
Q

What do the striate arteries, arising from the MCA, supply?

A

Deep structures in the cerebrum - internal capsule and reticular formation.

31
Q

What is a berry aneurysm?

A

Small intracranial aneurysm that looks like a berry and occurs at the point at which a cerebral artery departs from the of Willis.

32
Q

Indicate the implications of

the cephalic flexure relating to dorsal and ventral.

A

The terms dorsal and ventral are used as though the flexure did not exist and the CNS was still a straight tube (as in the early embryo). The result is that in the spinal cord and brainstem dorsal has the same meaning as posterior; in the forebrain dorsal has the same meaning as superior.

33
Q

Describe the location and orientation of the cephalic flexure.

A

the axis of the adult brain bending at an angle of 100 degrees

The cephalic flexure is also the first flexure/bend in the embryonic brain

34
Q

In which direction would you cut in order to make a transverse section of either brainstem or cord?

A

horizontal direction

35
Q

what is the sagittal plane?

A

directly vertical from top of skull to chin

36
Q

what is the coronal plane?

A

cutting the brain vertically in to anterior and posterior parts

37
Q

What is the horizontal plane?

A

cutting the brain horizontally into superior/inferior portions

38
Q

What is grey matter?

A

areas rich in nerve cell bodies

39
Q

What is white matter?

A 
areas containing mostly nerve processes (usually axons). These are
often myelinated (hence the term “white matter”)
40
Q

which subdivisions of the brain make up the forebrain/cerebrum?

A

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital and Temporal Lobes

41
Q

which subdivisions of the brain make up the brainstem?

A

Midbrain pons medulla

42
Q

what cortical landmark divides the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

A

central sulcus

43
Q

what cortical landmark divides the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobe?

A

lateral sulcus

44
Q

what cortical landmark divides the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe on the medial side only?

A

Parieto-occipital sulcus

45
Q

Are the cerebral lobes functional or descriptive subdivisions?

A

descriptive

46
Q

Is the optic nerve part of the peripheral nervous system or part of the central nervous system?

A

CNS although it is one of the cranial nerves

47
Q

Are “peduncles” white matter or grey matter structures?

A

White matter

48
Q

what structures do you think are linked by the middle cerebellar peduncle?

A

Cerebellum and Pons

49
Q

what is dura matter formed from?

A

formed from the periosteum lining the inside of the skull, together with a fibrous inner layer.

50
Q

what is the function of the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli?

A
  • provides stability

- provides venous drainage mechanism

51
Q

generally what does the vertebral artery supply?

A

brainstem

cerebellum

52
Q

generally what does the internal carotid artery supply?

A

cerebral hemispheres

53
Q

which vessels are referred to as the anterior system of vessels?

A

Posterior communicating

Internal carotid

Anterior communicating
Middle cerebral

54
Q

which vessels are referred to as the posterior system of vessels?

A

Vertebral
Basilar

Spinal branches

Cerebellar branches

Posterior cerebral

CM - Control (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions